Autonomous learning ability is an essential ability for students to face the future society, and it is also one of the training goals of quality education at present. "Mathematics Curriculum Standards" advocates that "teachers should stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, provide students with opportunities to fully engage in mathematics activities, and help them truly understand and master basic mathematics knowledge and skills, mathematics ideas and methods in the process of independent exploration and cooperative communication, so as to gain rich experience in mathematics activities. "How should teachers guide students to explore independently and improve their autonomous learning ability? I think the following practices are effective through practice.

First, set goals and stimulate independent participation.

The teaching goal directly determines the direction of the classroom, is the starting point and destination of teaching activities, and plays an important role. Learners participate in determining their meaningful learning goals, making their own learning progress and participating in design evaluation, which is one of the characteristics of autonomous learning. But in fact, the teaching goal is basically "the teacher has the final say", and there are very few classrooms that can really let students participate in determining the teaching goal. The main reason for this common phenomenon is our teacher's "stereotype", which always feels that the decision is in the teacher's hand. How can students know what teaching objectives, even if they are involved in the formulation, must be irrelevant, wasting valuable classroom teaching time. Indeed, for primary school students, the concept of "goal" is very abstract. If junior students are asked to talk about "the goal of this class", it is estimated that the students will be confused collectively.