STEM stands for science, technology, engineering and mathematics. STEM education is the education of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
1986, the National Science Council of the United States published the report "Undergraduate Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education", which was considered as a milestone in the integration strategy of STEM education in the United States and guided the National Science Foundation's policy and financial support for the reform of American higher education in the following decades. For the first time, the report clearly puts forward the programmatic suggestions of "science, mathematics, engineering and technology" education, which is regarded as the beginning of STEM education.
The development path of stem education in America is as follows:
65438-0996 The National Science Foundation of the United States published a report entitled "Shaping the Future: Perspective of Undergraduate Education in Science, Mathematics, Engineering and Technology", and put forward a "guide to action" for the future. In view of the new situation and problems, the report puts forward clear policy suggestions for schools, local governments, industrial and commercial circles and foundations, including vigorously "cultivating STEM education teachers in the K- 12 education system".
On June 5438+1October 3 1 day, 2006, US President Bush announced an important plan-American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI) in his State of the Union address, proposing that one of the educational goals in the era of knowledge economy is to cultivate talents with STEM literacy, which is called the key to global competitiveness. As a result, the United States has continuously increased its investment in STEM education, encouraged students to major in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, and cultivated students' scientific and technological literacy.
On June 30, 2007, the National Science Council of the United States published the report "National Action Plan: Meeting the Urgent Needs of American Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Education System", and the proposed action plan mainly includes two measures: First, it requires strengthening the leading role of the national level in K- 12 and undergraduate stem education, and coordinating it horizontally and vertically; The second is to improve the level of teachers and increase the corresponding investment in scientific research. This report shows that STEM education extends from undergraduate stage to primary and secondary education stage, and it is hoped that STEM education will be implemented from primary and secondary schools.
On 20 1 1 year, President Obama launched a new American innovation strategy aimed at ensuring economic growth and prosperity. America's new innovation strategy points out that America's future economic growth and international competitiveness depend on its innovation ability. The "Innovative Education Movement" guides the public and private sectors to unite to strengthen science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education.
20 1 1 The Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States released the report "Successful STEM Education in K- 12 Stage: Effective Confirmation Methods of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics". According to the report, there are three main goals in implementing STEM education in primary and secondary schools: First, expand the number of students who eventually pursue advanced degrees and work in STEM fields, and expand women and women in STEM fields. The second is to expand the workforce with STEM literacy and expand the participation of women and ethnic minorities in this team; The third is to improve the STEM literacy of all students, including those who are not engaged in STEM-related work or those who continue to study STEM subjects.
20 1 1, 1 In February, 2008, the American Governors Association issued the report "Making the Education Agenda of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics: Updating the State-level Action", analyzed the weaknesses of the action agenda put forward by the Association in 2007, and put forward specific measures to "implement the State-level STEM Agenda".
20 15, 1517 October, the American STEM education act 20 15 was signed into effect by us president Barack Obama. According to this rule, although the English spelling of STEM education will not change, computer science will definitely be included in the scope of STEM education. After the law comes into effect, the definition of STEM education by federal government agencies will be more formally and normatively incorporated into the computer science discipline, so that this discipline, as a kind of STEM education, will be included in the funding scope of the National Science Foundation and the Federal Department of Energy. It is required by law to increase the training and research support for math and science teachers in the scholarship program of the National Science Foundation, strengthen the research on STEM education in social institutions, and further explore how to strengthen off-campus STEM teaching.