First, the implementation of "hierarchical teaching" for students in the classroom
According to the theory of multiple intelligences, the implementation of differentiated "hierarchical teaching" can provide each student with mathematics suitable for his needs and promote the multi-level development of different students, which conforms to the concept of quality education and is also the basic requirement of the current new curriculum reform. It can be carried out from the following aspects:
(1) Target stratification. The goal stratification is to change the original single teaching goal into a flexible goal that varies from person to person. Flexible goals can be roughly divided into basic goals, improvement goals and development goals. High-level outstanding students generally start from improving their goals, or even study directly according to their development goals.
(2) Teaching is hierarchical. Differential teaching is for all students. Because learning objectives and learning methods are suitable for students themselves, everyone has something to do in this process. The learning style is mainly the combination of individual learning and group cooperative learning. At this time, teachers can give microscopic individual guidance to excellent students' learning. Give students support and help from the determination of learning objectives, the selection of learning content, the adoption of learning strategies and the implementation of learning methods.
(3) Work stratification. "Work stratification" and "goal stratification" are consistent, because there are flexible goals, and flexible work should be determined accordingly. Excellent students can start with improving exercises, and even as long as they finish developing exercises, teachers can assign them some more demanding additional exercises.
Second, the education of outstanding students should reflect personality.
The development trend of modern education "will turn unified education into individual guidance for students". At present, our education is far from this level, but we can guide outstanding students to make their own study plans and arrange their own study time according to their own personality characteristics, intellectual advantages and actual needs, and advocate and carry forward the "three-self spirit" among outstanding students. The first is the spirit of "being your own master". In the way of learning, establish an autonomous learning model. The second is the spirit of "conscious initiative". Encourage students to challenge teachers and dare to express different opinions and opinions from teachers; Encourage students to challenge textbooks and dare to express different views from textbooks. Third, the spirit of "self-enlightenment action". Guide students to do it by themselves, experience it by themselves, realize it by themselves and acquire knowledge by themselves in practical exploration. More importantly, students' personality is respected, which will greatly stimulate their desire for innovation and give full play to their creativity on the premise of "psychological security".
Third, vigorously promote outstanding students to carry out comprehensive practical activities.
Activity is a developed system, which is suitable for supporting different people to get different development in different directions; Activities are also the simulation of real situations, which are most suitable for discovering and exploring through independent exploration, cooperation and communication and hands-on practice, and are the best way to cultivate students' comprehensive ability to adapt to and transform society. At that time, Confucius led his disciples around the world, teaching while walking, and the master and apprentice competed for each other, which is really similar to our comprehensive practice today. Compared with other students, excellent students have more energy and more time, so we arrange excellent students to participate in more social practice. If there are social practice cases, a class will visit three local scenic spots from 8: 00- 16: 00. Please design a travel plan, including itinerary, expenses, routes, etc. In the process of solving this problem, students will engage in the following activities: (1) Learn about the relevant information, including the route map between scenic spots, the time required for taking the bus, the car types and car rental fees, the food that students like and the items needed for sightseeing. (2) Calculate the total time required by the bus, the tour time of each scenic spot, the total cost required, and the cost that each student needs to pay. (3) Use figures, graphs and statistical charts to express relevant information. (4) Design travel plans in groups and communicate with each other. Most students have difficulty in completing the survey of this activity, so they can arrange it for a few excellent students. By solving this problem, students can improve their ability to collect and organize information and cultivate their awareness of cooperation with others. In mathematical activities, knowledge, skills, abilities and emotions will be tested, improved and developed in the collision and friction between the subject and the environment.
Fourthly, introduce Olympic content into classroom teaching.
For a considerable number of outstanding students, it is far from meeting their needs just by doing some improving topics. So we introduced the topic of the Olympic Games and the Math Journal for Primary School Students into the math class. The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) Prepare lessons. First of all, the teacher consulted the Olympic mathematics textbooks and mathematics newspapers to find out the exercises suitable for students.
(2) After completing this lesson, students can study independently or form a study group freely to complete the Olympic Games.
(3) Teachers sometimes give individual guidance. This arrangement not only ensures that students have something to do in class, but also improves their mathematical literacy and ability to solve mathematical problems.