Electronic circuits and physical devices used in computer systems are tangible entities, such as central processing unit (CPU), memory, external devices (input and output devices, I/O devices) and buses.
A collection of programs that can make a computer hardware system work smoothly and effectively. Programs are always stored and represented by some physical media, such as disks, tapes, program paper, punched cards, etc. But software does not refer to these physical media, but refers to the invisible and intangible programs themselves. Reliable computer hardware is like a person's strong physique, and effective software is like a person's intelligent thinking.
Computer software system can be divided into system software and application software. System software is responsible for the management, scheduling, monitoring and service of the whole computer system resources. Application software refers to various applications developed by users in different fields for their own needs.
The development of computer technology in the future will be characterized by high performance, networking, popularization, intelligence, humanization and comprehensive functions. Computer networks will be fully connected, open and transmit multimedia information.
When the computer was born, it was mainly used for scientific calculation, so it was named "computer". Nowadays, the function of computer has gone far beyond the field of "calculation" in those days. The processing of data, characters, images, pictures and sounds, as well as the development trend towards high performance, networking, popularization, intelligence, humanization and comprehensive functions, are telling people its powerful functions. At the same time, due to the leap-forward development of electronic computer functions, it has been applied to all aspects of production and life, directly and significantly improving the efficiency, rhythm and level of production, work and life, and also plays a key role in the research and application of soft science, so it is recognized as the nerve center of modern science and technology and the heart and soul of the future information society. In this context, computer science has been gradually established, from computer technology research to computer science research.
Computer majors can be subdivided into many occupations, and the prospects are OK. Learn c++. Net and java can be used for software development, which is very popular. Learning sql server and other databases can be a DBA database administrator in the company, and what you need to learn should be in line with the society. Even if some programming linguistics goes out, it is difficult to find a job. Before preparing to learn a language well, you can go to the recruitment website to check the social needs. For example, mobile application development is very popular now and the salary is very high. You can study in your spare time, and people with relevant experience are more likely to find jobs.
The rapid development of computer industry, of course, can not be separated from computer education. At present, there are three majors in university computer: computer science and technology, software engineering and network engineering. Its main courses include C language programming, compilation principle, operating system, electrical and electronic technology, computer network, computer system structure, computer composition principle, interface and communication, discrete mathematics, data structure, database principle, digital logic, linear algebra, professional introduction, professional English and so on. Specialized elective courses include: probability theory and mathematical statistics, assembly language, calculation methods, artificial skills, software engineering, information retrieval and utilization, JAVA language, multimedia technology, distributed and parallel processing, computer control system, computer graphics, object-oriented technology, fuzzy logic and application, embedded system, data mining, digital image processing, algorithm design and analysis, communication principle, network operating system, network and information security, etc. These courses cover almost all the knowledge and technology of computer science system. They provide a large number of talents with solid basic theory, good professional quality, strong practical ability and wide knowledge for the development of computer science. At the same time, these talents have made great contributions to social and economic development. At the same time, in the process of the establishment and development of computer science, there are many epistemology and methodology worth learning, which are also important wealth of human spiritual treasure house.
Computer majors should learn and master the following points:
Basic courses: computer introduction, programming practice, data structure, algorithm analysis.
Professional Mathematics Foundation: Probability Theory, Set Theory Graph Theory, Algebraic Structure, Combinatorial Mathematics.
Hardware foundation: digital logic, microcomputer principle and architecture.
Software foundation: compilation principle, operating system.
In addition, we should master computer graphics, object-oriented technology, computer network, digital image processing, human-computer interaction, information security and other knowledge.
Similarly, we should also know something about network, database and information security.
Network: Computer network refers to a computer system that connects multiple computers with independent functions and their external devices in different geographical locations under the management and coordination of network operating system, network management software and network communication protocol to realize resource sharing and information transmission. The function of computer network is mainly manifested in three aspects: hardware resource sharing, software resource sharing and information exchange between users. Computer networks can be divided into three categories according to their geographical location and distribution: local area network, wide area network and metropolitan area network. According to its transmission medium, it can be divided into wired network and wireless network. According to its topology, it can be divided into three types: star network, ring network and bus network.
Database: A database is a collection of data organized according to a certain data model and stored in secondary storage. This kind of data set has the following characteristics: it is as non-repetitive as possible and serves a variety of applications of a specific organization in an optimal way. Its data structure is independent of the application program that uses it, and the addition, deletion, modification and retrieval of data are managed and controlled by unified software. The database has the following main features: 1, realizing data ***2, reducing data redundancy 3, data independence 4, data centralized control 5, data consistency and maintainability, and ensuring data safety and reliability.
Information security: With the widespread use of the Internet and the increasing popularity of computers, computer security issues are imminent. Information security means that the hardware, software and data in the network system are protected from accidental or malicious reasons, and the system can run continuously and reliably without interrupting network services. The fundamental purpose of information security is to prevent the information transmitted through the computer network from being illegally used. If the data on the information network is stolen, changed or destroyed, it will certainly cause a series of unimaginable consequences and problems. Therefore, in order to prevent this from happening, we must take security measures, such as strengthening legislation, establishing a security management team and strengthening network protection measures.
As a computer major, students should systematically study various theoretical courses of computer science, with profound theoretical literacy and innovative ability, independent learning attitude and ability, and strong practical and operational ability. In addition, I personally think that a computer major student should have good psychological quality, dare to be the first, be good at seizing opportunities to acquire knowledge, seek breakthroughs, never be satisfied, assiduously absorb knowledge that is useful to him, strive to show his strength and contribute his strength to society.
It's been more than three months since school started. When teachers take pains to teach us, they always let us find what we are most interested in, because it is necessary to cultivate our interests in college! Through chatting with teachers and classmates, reading extracurricular books and surfing the Internet, I gradually found that I was more interested in embedded software development! At present, there is an extreme shortage of embedded talents in China. According to the statistics of authoritative departments, the talent gap of embedded software in China is about 400 thousand every year.
Large enterprises such as Intel, TI, Sony, Samsung, TCL, Lenovo and Konka have great demand for embedded talents. The shortage of supply makes the value of embedded talents rise, and the more professional experience, the greater the employment competitiveness. Therefore, IT professionals can become hot professionals by mastering embedded technology through training, and their training returns are guaranteed.
Embedded system is one of the hottest and most promising IT application fields. Including mobile phones, electronic dictionaries, videophones, digital cameras (DC), digital video cameras (DV), USB flash drives, set-top boxes, high-definition televisions (HDTV), game machines, smart toys, switches, routers, numerical control equipment or instruments, automotive electronics, home appliance control systems, medical instruments, aerospace equipment and so on are typical embedded systems. Therefore, becoming a professional embedded technical talent through embedded training has a large career development space.
For technicians who want to start a business in the IT field, with the increasingly fierce competition, they need to find new entrepreneurial directions and fields to succeed. Embedded product development is a good choice.
Let's take a look at the direction of embedded employment: With the continuous warming of 3G, talents in this field have been in short supply. It is reported that there are currently less than 10,000 3G core embedded talents in China, including about 5,000-6,000 from Huawei and about 2,000 from ZTE and Datang. They only have a lineup of 10 thousand people, vying for a market that is said to have hundreds of billions of dollars. This shows the value of 3G embedded engineers. In the recent hot job rankings, the embedded engineer market in the telecommunications industry is rising, and embedded R&D engineers and embedded technical support engineers rank in the top five.
Brother, adopt. . . .