1970
Paul samuelson, American (19 15- 2009): He developed mathematics and dynamic economic theory and raised economic science to a new level. His research covers all fields of economics.
197 1 year
Simon Kuznets, an American (190 1- 1985), has made great contributions to studying the relationship between population development trend and population structure on economic growth and income distribution.
1972
Kenneth J. Arrow, American (192 1-): They have studied the theory of economic equilibrium and welfare deeply.
With John R. Hicks from England (1904- 1989)***.
1975
Tjalling C. Koopmans, American (19 10- 1985): Successfully applied mathematical statistics to econometrics. Contributed to the theory of optimal allocation of resources.
With Leonid Vitalievich Kantrovich, a Soviet (1912-1986) * *.
1976
Milton milton friedman, American (19 12-2006).
Establish monetarism theory and put forward the hypothesis of permanent income.
1978
Herbert simon, American (19 16-200 1).
This paper studies the decision-making procedure in economic organizations. This basic theory about decision-making procedure is considered as an original view about the actual decision-making of companies and enterprises.
1979
American William Arthur Lewis (1915-1991) has made great achievements in development economics, and put forward dual economic model and import and export exchange price comparison model.
Theodore W. theodore schultz, American (1902- 1998): He made a pioneering study on economic development and made a deep study on the problems that developing countries should pay special attention to in economic development.
1980
Lawrence Klein (1920-): Based on the economic theory and empirical estimation based on the actual data in the real economy, the mathematical model of the economic system is established.
198 1 year
James tobin, American (19 18-2002): elaborated and developed Keynes's series of theories and macro models of fiscal and monetary policies. He has made important contributions to the analysis of financial markets and related expenditure decisions, employment, products and prices.
1982
George stigler, an American (1911991), has made great creative contributions to the industrial structure, the role of the market, and the role and influence of public economic laws and regulations.
1983
Gerard debreu, an American (192 1-2004), summed up Pareto optimal theory and established the existence theorem of social equilibrium of commodity economy.
1986
James mcgill buchanan Jr, American (19 19-): Combining the analysis of political decision-making with economic theory, the economic analysis is extended to the choice of social-political laws and regulations.
1987
Robert solow, American (1924-): Contributed to the theory of economic growth. It is pointed out that long-term economic growth mainly depends on technological progress, rather than the input of capital and labor.
1990
Merton miller, American (1923-2000).
Harry m markowitz, American (1927-).
William sharpe, American (1934-).
They have done pioneering work in financial economics.
1992
Gary S. gary becker, American (1930-).
Expand the theory of microeconomics to the analysis of human behavior, including non-market economic behavior.
1993
Douglass C. North, USA (1920-)
Robert fogel, American (1926-).
The former established the "institutional change theory" including property right theory, state theory and ideology theory. The latter reinterprets the past economic development process with new economic history theory and mathematical tools.
1994
Johnf nash Jr., American (1928-)
John Halsani, American (1920- 2000).
He made a pioneering contribution to the equilibrium analysis theory of non-cooperative games and had a great influence on game theory and economics.
Three scientists * * * get together, and the other is Reinhard Zelten (1930-), a German.
1995
Robert Lucas Jr. (Jr.), American (1937-): Advocated and developed the applied theory of rational expectation and macroeconomic research, deepened people's understanding of economic policy, and put forward a unique view on the theory of economic cycle.
1996
William Vickrey, an American (19 14- 1996), has made great contributions to information economics, incentive theory and game theory.
Together with James Mirrlees, an Englishman (1936- )*** won this award.
1997
Robert merton, American (1944-).
American Miron Scholes (194 1-)
The former further weakens the assumption on which the Black-Scholes formula depends and extends it in many aspects. The latter gives the famous Black-Scholes option pricing formula, which becomes the thinking method of financial institutions involving new financial products.
In 2000,
James Heikman, American (1944-).
Daniel McFadden (Daniel· L· McFadden), American (1937-)
In the field of microeconomics, they have developed theories and methods widely used for empirical analysis of individual and family behaviors.
200 1 year
George akerlof, American (1940-).
A. Michael Spencer, American (1943-)
Joseph stiglitz, American (1943-).
It lays the foundation for the general theory of asymmetric information market. Their theory was quickly applied, from the traditional agricultural market to the modern financial market. Their contribution comes from the core of modern information economics.
In 2002
Daniel Kahneman, USA (1934-)
Vernon L. Vernon Smith, American (1927-).
Because of the fruitful integration of psychoanalytic methods and economic research, he laid the foundation for creating a new field of economic research. His main research achievement is to find the uncertainty of human decision-making, that is, to find that human decision-making is often very different from the prediction made according to the hypothesis of standard economic theory. This paper puts forward an expectation theory that can better explain human behavior.
In 2003
Robert Engel III, American (1942-)
With Clive W.J. Granger and Englishman (1934-)*** same prize.
They used two new methods to analyze economic time series, namely "changing with time" and "* * * the same trend", which brought great influence to economic research and economic development. Engel invented the theory of "heteroscedasticity under the condition of automatic decline" (ARCH), which can accurately obtain the characteristics of many time series, and developed a statistical modeling method for time-varying variability. Now, his ARCH model is not only an indispensable tool for researchers, but also used by financial market analysts for asset pricing and securities investment risk assessment.
In 2005
Thomas Crombie Schelling, USA (192 1-).
Robert john aumann (robert john aumann) won the prize.
Promote the understanding of conflict and cooperation through game theory analysis.
In 2006
Edmund Phelps, American (1933-): Professor phelps's research focuses on various fields of macroeconomics, including employment, inflation and deflation, savings, public debt, taxation, intergenerational equity, prices, wages, micro-subject behavior, capital formation, fiscal and monetary policies, and his most successful field-economic growth. Professor phelps's most important contribution lies in the theory of economic growth. After robert solow, he analyzed the dynamic optimization path of economic growth and put forward the famous "Huang Jinlv of economic growth", thus formally establishing the theory of economic growth.
In 2007
Eric S. eric maskin, American, (1950-): He has made outstanding contributions in the most basic fields of modern economics, including public choice theory, game theory, incentive theory and information theory, and mechanism design. Known as the most respected master of economics in international economics today.
Roger B. Myerson, American (195 1-): He has an in-depth study of game theory. He is the author of Game Theory: Conflict and Probabilistic Model Analysis in Economic Decision-making.
Leonid hurwicz, American (1917-):1947 first put forward and defined the concept of rational expectation in macroeconomics. Its main research fields include mechanism and system design and mathematical economics. The most important research work is to create the theory of economic mechanism design.
the year of 2008
Paul krugman, American, (1953-): His main research fields are trade patterns and regional economic activities.
In 2009
American oliver williamson (1932-) is known as "new institutional economics".
Oliver williamson is known as the man who rediscovered Gauss Theorem, at least because of his propaganda, which made Gauss's transaction cost theory become a new school in modern economics, bringing together a large number of interdisciplinary subjects and academic innovations including organization theory, law and economics, and gradually developed into a new branch of contemporary economics.
The main award-winning contribution lies in the analysis of economic governance, especially the analysis of the boundaries of corporate economic governance.
Elinor ostrom, an American (1933-): Her analysis of economic governance, especially the study of ordinary people's economic governance activities.
20 10 year
American Peter Diamond (1940-): "Most transactions in the market are for trade. Of course, there will be some trade frictions. It is difficult for buyers to get what they want, and it is difficult for sellers to find consumers. " The theory put forward by Peter Diamond and others explains this conflict in the market. His theory can be applied to other fields besides the labor market and the whole real estate market, such as economics and family economics.
Dale T. Mortensen, American (1939-): His main research fields are labor economics, macroeconomics and other economic theories.
Christopher A. Pisarri Rides, American: His research focuses on many fields of macroeconomics, the most important of which are labor force, economic growth and economic policy.
20 1 1 year
Thomas J. Sargent, American (1943-): Good at macroeconomics, monetary economics, time series and other fields. He, Robert Lucas Jr Jr., Neil Wallace, robert barro and others are important representatives of rational expectation revolution, and he is the author of many groundbreaking papers.
Christopher A. Sims, USA (1942-).
20 12
Alvin E. Roth, USA (195 1-)
Royde shapley, an American (1923-), has made outstanding contributions in the fields of mathematical economics and game theory. After Newman and Morgenstein in the 1940s, shapley was regarded as the most outstanding scholar in the field of game theory.
20 13
Eugene fama, American (1939-): Specializing in modern portfolio theory and asset pricing theory, he is famous for putting forward the "efficient market hypothesis".
Peter hansen, American (1952-): The most important contribution is the discovery of the generalized moment method, which is extremely important in economic and financial research. At present, Hansen is using stability control theory and recursive economics theory to study the role of risk in pricing and decision-making.
Robert Shiller, American (1946-).
20 16
Oliver hart, Oliver hart, USA.
Bent Holmstrom Bent Holmstrom? M, American
They have made great contributions to contract theory.
20 17
Richard taylor, American. Richard taylor applied the realistic hypothesis of psychology to the analysis of economic decision-making. By exploring the consequences of bounded rationality, social preference and lack of self-control, he shows how these personality traits systematically affect personal decision-making and market results.
20 18
Paul Romer, American
William. Nordhaus, American.
They have made outstanding contributions to the research of innovation, climate and economic growth. They designed a series of methods to solve the most basic and urgent problem of our time-how to create long-term sustainable economic growth.