2-year-olds can't count, so pay attention! Math training should be early, and family math activities have many benefits. These children's early math ability is a powerful predictor of their future math achievement. Family factors have an important influence on the formation of this ability. So what kind of mathematical ability will children form in early childhood? What role does the family play in this process?
The concept of 1.5 years old began to develop, and 3 ~ 5 years old is the key. More and more research shows that the development of number concept is very important to improve mathematical ability. If 2-5-year-old children's mathematical concept ability develops well, their logical thinking, reasoning and deductive ability will exceed the general level. At present, the development of children's number concept ability mainly includes comparison of numbers and sets and simple addition and subtraction operations. 1, number. The development of college entrance examination is mainly composed of three parts.
Sound or recite numbers in the correct order. You can identify multiple unit entities that can be used for calculation. Numbers and unit entities of numbers can correspond one to one. For example, children can calculate any number forward or backward, use the number itself to calculate the number, or match their fingers with a specific number of sets. Numbers also include the concept of technology. That is, when children understand numbers, the last number represents this group of numbers. For example, for the answer "How many objects are there", children can count and answer with the last number.
Research shows that many babies have learned to call numbers at the age of one and a half, and by the age of three, they can basically count from 1 to 10. 2. It is very important to compare children's collections to understand their size. Children in life are naturally compared. For example, "I have more crayons than you", "There are more red bears than blue bears", "We both have as many crayons" and so on. Set comparison includes the understanding of set number, the understanding of "many" and "few" languages and the comparison of two or more sets of numbers.
The three most commonly used methods of children's collective comparison are to respond one by one with visual clues and to compare with numbers. For example, it belongs to the visual cue that "a pile of cars is more than one car", while "two apples are less than three pears" belongs to the comparative figure. Usually 2-3-year-old babies have the ability to judge and compare, and are very sensitive to numbers. The research shows that the sensitive period for Chinese children to master collective comparison is 2.5 to 3 years old.
3, addition and subtraction. The addition and subtraction operation mentioned here does not mean that children master abstract algorithms, but refers to quantitative comparison at the physical level. Imprisonment law includes children's understanding of the corresponding relationship between "take" and "subtract" and the corresponding relationship between "add" and "add". For example, if the father gave the child a candy and the mother gave the child another candy, they would know that there are two candies now. In the formulation of the algorithm, the average child has this ability since he was two years old, and he can perform simple addition and visualization of addition at the age of 3 ~ 4. Family math activities enhance the conceptual ability of numbers, which is conducive to training prisoners.
Family mathematics activities are divided into three categories: direct mathematics activities, indirect mathematics activities and space activities. "Direct math activities" include specific math tasks that parents and children participate in together, with the purpose of teaching children some math skills, such as teaching numbers or numbers. "Indirect mathematics activities" include activities or tasks of parents and children in daily life. These activities may be related to the development of mathematical technology, such as measuring food with cups. "Space activity" is an activity related to the development of children's space ability, which is considered as the basis of the development of geometry and measurement ability. Such as puzzle games, measurement and construction games, etc.
Many family math activities, such as shopping and cooking, are actually closely related to children's lives. Most of these contents are familiar and understood by children, which makes them feel that mathematics can solve the problems encountered in people's lives. At the same time, life situations and materials make children's mathematical activities vivid and concrete, and connect abstract knowledge with real life, which makes it easier to stimulate children's initiative in learning and let them acquire knowledge freely. Doing this in family math activities will quickly improve the math ability of 1 ~ 5-year-old infants.
Family mathematics activities are parent-child, interactive and interesting, which can stimulate children's interest in mathematics more than blunt courses. At the same time, the life atmosphere of family mathematics activities itself emphasizes the application of mathematics knowledge, so that children can create knowledge transfer and gain a sense of accomplishment. 1.5 -2 years old: improve the cognitive ability of "digital squat"
In the development of children's mathematical concept ability, cognition is the most important foundation in the college entrance examination. Through family activities called digital squats, children's awareness can be effectively improved. Activity information: digital card
Activity flow: Before the game starts, give each child a digital card, and let the children look at the numbers carefully after receiving the digital card. If you don't know the number, the "referee" in charge of the activity command will tell you. Then, participants (such as grandpa, grandma, mom, etc. ) form a big circle and let them say "peck, peck" while running.
Listen to the referee's command, "Please get down on the 3rd". If you receive the 3rd, please get down. I wonder if the referees are all squatting. If the wrong person comes to the circle, the referee will order the game to continue. At the end of the game, let everyone squat down. Everybody squat down and say how many times you are. When squatting a few days ago, the baby's reaction was very slow, and some people even needed the notice of their families to know how to squat. There are still many children who are not squatting according to the rules, or they may not be his number, but squatting.
And the child is not used to sending the commander for the first time. Most children need a long time to declare the figures. At this time, as the family members of the participants, they should be patient and give their children confidence and encouragement. Even if you need to practice repeatedly, parents should remain optimistic and let their children have a strong interest in numbers. 2-3 years old: comparative ability actively collected in the activity of "I am a small buyer"
Compared with the size of the collection, children are generally distinguished by physical objects without abstract mathematical operations, so this kind of family activities should also conform to the daily situation, so that the baby can truly master this ability. Activity materials: 5 yuan, drawing board and pen.
Activity flow:
Each family takes 5 yuan to the market to buy two dishes. In the process of buying, encourage children to think about two dishes that 5 yuan Qian wants to buy, and help him achieve his goal. Guide children to learn the combination of 5 in communication after returning to China. For example, 5 can be divided into 2 and 3. Dad bought two carrots and three vegetables for five dollars. 5 is divisible by 4 and 1 I used 5 yuan to buy 4 yuan potatoes and 1 yuan garlic.
Finally, let the children compare the numbers. If dad bought five radishes, I bought three potatoes. Who has more? In the process of comparison, the mother can draw a specific number with the earth to give the child a visual cue. This activity not only tries to solve practical problems with mathematical knowledge, but also exercises children's understanding of the concept of set, which is more attractive than boring learning. 3-5 years old: "Looking for small balls" activities improve mathematical calculation ability.
Simple computing ability belongs to the more advanced and complex technology in the conceptual ability of children's numbers. Although it is not an abstract mathematical operation, it plays a very important role in building children's awareness of operation. The focus of "finding balls" activity is to cultivate children's simple addition ability. The content of the game becomes more and more difficult with the specific physical bonus, physical photo bonus and the development of the game. 2-year-olds can't count, so pay attention! Math training should be early, and family math activities have many benefits.
Activity materials: small pots, photos of other fruits, number and symbol cards, chairs, blackboards, etc. Every game is played by two people, two people stand face to face, and the music starts the game. At first, children can jump to their destination with both feet, grab the small basin, and then jump with one foot. As the game progresses, the posture can change constantly. Take a small basin to the finish line, count how many balls are in your basin, add up the balls of two people with a group of children's families, count the total and say it loudly.
Then proceed to the second group. At this time, the baby can play a demonstration role when the parents play. With the progress of the game, you can change the small pots into different numbers of fruit photos. Add up the number of fruits in the picture. Then, directly replace the fruit photos with digital symbols within 5, and directly add digital symbols.
Share the game process with your child after the game. Every time we put the "balls" found by our children on the blackboard, we discussed with our children who found the right number of balls and who found the wrong number of balls, which deepened our children's impression of algebraic operation.