One of the five elements of thesis writing: creativity
In the period when the development of science and technology is at a turning point, discovery and revolution, like the era when quantum theory was born at the beginning of this century, it is full of great discoveries; Just like the era when the transistor was invented in the late forties and early fifties, just like the discovery of DNA double helix structure in the fifties created an exciting period different from biology, innovation is a scientific discovery, which will certainly create a new subject field and have a far-reaching impact on human understanding at the philosophical level. It is easy for academic circles to understand and appreciate the significance of these innovations during the scientific revolution, which is not the focus of this paper. This paper focuses on the papers written by ordinary scientific and technological personnel during the period of steady development of science and technology. What does its innovation mean? Please have a look at the explanations in Nature and Science. Nature holds that innovation is the novelty of scientific research results and attracts people's attention (unexpected or surprising), but this research seems to have a wide range of significance outside this field, whether it is to report an outstanding discovery. Or the first-hand report on the substantive progress of an important issue should be of interest to scientists in other fields. According to science, innovation means putting forward new ideas about nature or theory, rather than re-demonstrating existing research conclusions. The content is exciting and inspiring, and it has a wide range of scientific interests. Specifically, it is to put forward innovative ideas in the silent research field. It is not difficult for readers to see that the above requirements are not easy to meet, and even the papers published in these two journals can not all meet this requirement. It would be quite good if 65,438+00% of the papers can meet this requirement. Obviously, this requirement is the goal of publishers and the highest standard of periodicals. For comparison, let's look at the innovation requirements of Science Bulletin, China Science and Natural Science Progress. Their requirements are the same, that is, innovative, high-level and significant latest research results in basic research and applied research. Readers may have noticed that the requirements for innovation here are the same as those of nature. The difference between the requirements of science is that it does not particularly emphasize that the content of the paper should arouse the wide interest of the scientific and technological circles. In the popular words, it is a hot issue that everyone pays close attention to. Nature and Science, as international scientific journals, should emphasize this point, which is also possible. They can choose papers that meet this requirement from many submissions. However, domestic journals need to treat this requirement carefully according to their actual needs of scientific research and the whole background. In fact, with more and more individual applications from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shen can establish scientific research projects based on his personal expertise and his familiarity with the frontier progress of science at home and abroad, so it is not difficult to meet this requirement in time. However, it should be pointed out that there are only two famous international science weekly magazines, Nature and Science, so it is impossible for us. There is no need to completely copy things that do not conform to the national conditions. After all, papers or research results of great significance will certainly attract the attention of scientific and technological personnel in related fields. In my opinion, the scale of a paper or a research course is not necessarily large, but the research must be in-depth and the results must be profound in order to reflect the unique views of researchers.
The second of the five elements of paper writing: readability
The readability of scientific papers is very important and should be highly valued by the author. Readability is determined by the following factors: 1. Whether the research work has made substantial progress, whether the conclusions drawn are reliable, whether the results are profound and enlightening, if they are phased results, what is the guiding significance for subsequent research, and whether they are a prelude to important discoveries. If the research work has not achieved phased or final results, you should not start writing a paper, because boring research work can't write a good article anyway, so it can't be a readable article. 2. The author should make a complete conception of the paper and reflect strict logical thinking. When a research topic gets a result through long-term efforts, it should be as meticulous as an artist's conception of a work, and elaborate on the way of discussion, the materials of content and the elaboration of academic thoughts in detail. The introduction of the research background needs repeated deliberation and careful deliberation, so that the conclusion of the paper can be rigorous, substantial, complete and logical. If we can't do this, it will be difficult to arouse readers' interest in reading. 3. In the way of discussion, we should be simple, concise, accurate and consistent, and the language should be standardized and vivid. It is still not enough to vividly explain the direction of academic content. With the popularization of computer three-dimensional visualization, the trend of using color pictures and 3 d images in the paper will increase, which can avoid too much text description and achieve better results. 5. Stylistic format of the paper. Although each journal has formulated stylistic requirements that can reflect its own style and characteristics, generally speaking, academic journals have stylistic requirements, and readers are no strangers. However, not many people really do it seriously. The author may seldom think about such a problem. Why do academic journals ask for instructions? This is not something that can be treated at will. Style not only ensures the standardization of the paper form, but also ensures the readability of the content. It is precisely this point that has been ignored by many authors. The title, abstract and keywords of the paper basically determine whether the paper can be adopted by the journal and whether it can arouse readers' interest. Chinese physics Letters, an excellent journal that has entered the scientific literature index, has repeatedly stated that this journal pays special attention to the titles of articles. The purpose of writing abstracts is to improve the citation rate of articles. The title should clearly describe the content of the article. It can also reflect the difference with other documents. As for the abstract, first of all, it is required to briefly describe the theme, field and research object of the article. More importantly, the stricter requirement is to describe the theoretical or experimental results, conclusions and other meaningful viewpoints of the article clearly, clearly and concretely. It can be seen that these three can make the finishing point on a paper. A common problem in some domestic papers is that they like all-encompassing, big and empty titles. An algorithm solves a NP problem, and so on. The listed keywords can not reflect the central theme of the paper, and it is not easy to search, which leads to readers' no interest in reading any more. From this, how to talk about the readability of essays? Please see how Nature explains readability in the second article of the submission guide: the manuscript should be written clearly and concisely. So that readers in other fields and readers whose mother tongue is not English can understand. Basic but professional terms should be explained concisely, but not didactic. Before submission, it is often useful to ask colleagues engaged in other disciplines to express their opinions on the clarity and understandability of the final manuscript. Editors of Nature often suggest revising and rewriting the abstract and the first paragraph (introduction) of a paper. And make sure that the articles and pictures are clear and readable for readers who are not in this field. This clearly shows how important the readability of the paper is. It is usually useful for Nature to provide clear and understandable opinions. Editors of Nature magazine often suggest revising and rewriting the abstract and the first paragraph (introduction) of the paper, ... and ensuring that the articles and pictures are clear to readers who are not in this field. You can read. This clearly shows how important the readability of the paper is. Nature has repeatedly stated that the final decision on whether to use the paper belongs to the editorial department. Any manuscript that does not meet their requirements needs to be rejected without in-depth reading. There is a simple reason. In the case of a large number of contributions, it is impossible for an editor to spend too much energy and time dealing with a manuscript with poor readability. Speaking of the readable part, it reminds the author of a memorable event that is widely circulated in the field of mathematics. At the beginning of this century, Hilbert was famous for putting forward 23 mathematical topics. What does he mean by one or three good math problems in the world? Hilbert replied without hesitation: When walking with you in the morning, he can let the first pedestrian you meet explain the math problem in 10 minutes. It's concise and clear. Understandability is the basic condition of a paper. Of course, Nature and Science are not professional magazines, and it is understandable to pay special attention to the readability of papers. So, professional journals don't have to take readability seriously? In fact, a readable article means that after reading your article, readers can understand what problems you want to say and how to solve them. It is not necessary for readers to fully understand all the contents of your paper. Therefore, professional journals also require papers to be readable. If a paper loses many readers because of poor readability, it will have a serious negative impact on the journal itself.
The third of the five elements of thesis writing: the amount of information
Information quantity is a word that comes from the field of communication, gradually becomes popular and is frequently used by the public and the media. Linking with a scientific paper is how much information the paper itself can provide to readers on this topic in the case of limited space. The author saw in the submission specification of Chinese Journal of Physics that it means "give as much information about research as possible, and use as few words as possible as investigation, research and discussion, and further illustrate them with examples. For example, "the cross section is (6.25 0.02)" contains more information than "the cross section is measured". Generally speaking, you may not know it before reading it. Or vague or inaccurate knowledge, reading this article not only gains new knowledge, but also eliminates ambiguity or inaccuracy, which means that this article contains more information. In short, the more new knowledge you gain after reading an article, the more information it contains. Obviously, the information of "multi-point measurement" is much less than that of "six-point measurement". The information given by the former is vague and inaccurate, while that given by the latter.
Now some famous journals at home and abroad have strict restrictions on the length of papers. What's the point? Obviously, new academic ideas, new experiments, new discoveries and other innovative achievements are the key to determine the amount of information in the paper. However, it is undeniable that the strict limitation of the length will urge the author to try his best to delete those contents that have little to do with the theme of the article. Faced with the limitation of the length, the author has to rethink the framework of the paper again and again. Choose the most important materials, adopt the most appropriate expression, and carefully scrutinize the narrative of the text. In this way, on the whole, the content of the paper is enriched, the information content is increased, the theme is distinct, and the quality of the paper is improved accordingly.
The editor of Physical Review Express, an internationally renowned academic journal, first counts the number of lines from titles, charts, mathematical formulas to references one by one, and the total number of lines can definitely exceed 46O, otherwise it will be returned to the author for modification and refinement until it meets the requirements. Although the length is small, the content is not substantial, and the paper contains too little information, which is difficult to edit. The applicant thinks it is a good article, and the rejection is expected.
As can be seen from the above, limiting the length of the paper implies the requirement for information. As long as the author takes it seriously and repeatedly modifies and refines his narrative style, the quality of the paper can be improved, especially the amount of information. In this regard, it is worth learning that Watson and Crick's paper on the double helix structure of DNA was published in Nature, with only about 500 words, and there is also a double helix diagram of DNA. Even the technical observation papers of penzias and Wilso, who discovered the 3K background radiation of the Big Bang, are only one page long, and these two papers won the Nobel Prize in biomedicine and physics respectively.
The fourth of the five elements of thesis writing: reference
It is not surprising that references are listed as one of the criteria for evaluating the quality of papers, which may surprise readers and even raise objections, because the author believes that the status of references in papers has been greatly ignored in the past. With the index of scientific literature, it is not difficult to understand the important role of reference in the paper. Institute for scientific information, Pennsylvania (ISI) advocated the idea of evaluating research results according to the number of citations, resulting in SCI, which includes not only the author, title, source journals, abstracts and keywords, but also all the references listed in the paper. In this way, the academic relationship between a paper and other papers can be outlined, so as to communicate the academic relationship between different authors, and then the influence factors of a journal can be counted, that is, the total number of papers published in a journal for two consecutive years is A, the number of citations in the third year is B, and the influence factor IF=B/A refers to the average number of citations of papers published in the journal for two years in the third year. It reflects the international influence of the journal, and the difficulty of publishing articles in different journals may vary greatly. It can be seen that references play a great role in calculating impact factors and evaluating the level of papers.
Of course, some excellent papers are not necessarily published in journals with high impact factors, such as Lorenz's deterministic aperiodic flow; Feigenbaum's "Universal Measure Characteristics of Nonlinear Transformation" and Shannon's "Mathematical Communication Theory". It is obviously unfair and biased to take IF as the only measure.
For the author, a research work is inseparable from reading literature from the beginning of the topic selection. When writing a thesis, you must list the most important documents before you can have new academic ideas and explain the research level at that time; In the process of research, what documents have inspired us, and what papers have gained experience and lessons, which have promoted the research progress? All documents belonging to this category should be listed. When writing a paper, you should search the subject content involved in the paper to see if there are any important related documents missing. A touching example is Mendel ·J·Gr's pea hybridization experiment. He published the law of hybrid combination summed up by his two-year experiment in the Journal of the Natural Research Association, which hardly attracted people's attention. 16 after his death, three famous biologists independently discovered his combination law. They are Defrees of the Netherlands, Cermak Sesenger of Austria and Collens of Germany. Both of them submitted their papers on 1900. In order to be prudent, they all consulted all the materials and papers about pea hybridization experiments, and accidentally found that Mendel discovered the genetic law of hybrids more than 30 years earlier than them. In order to show respect and respect for their predecessors, they each called this law Mendel's law in their papers. If the three of them despise the references in the paper, how much the consequences will make the future world regret it! There are many similar examples. In short, the research represented by a paper can only serve as a link between the past and the future. Apart from its own independent and innovative content, it is not necessary and impossible to discuss the related issues in detail in the paper. At this time, relevant references are given to explain the conclusions, viewpoints and data sources. Readers can consult the literature if they want to know more about this problem. In this way, the literature becomes the supplement and perfection of their own papers. Editors and reviewers will preliminarily judge the level of the paper and the author's background knowledge of related disciplines according to the literature list listed in the paper, and naturally they can also judge the author's scientific ethics to a certain extent. If you don't list the main documents closely related to your own research without the restriction of literature retrieval conditions, you may be regarded as a bad style of study by readers, editors and reviewers, which will cause serious damage to your career.
The selection of references is a very serious matter, which is related to the credibility of the paper and the reputation of the author. The author of the paper should carefully read the listed main documents and assure the readers that the references cited in a certain place of the paper are really related to the content there. The publication, year, volume, title and page number of the published literature should also be verified. Editors of periodicals spend a lot of time and energy in this respect, but many authors know little about it and take it lightly.
There are the following problems in citing references in domestic academic papers.
1, in order to save trouble, I quoted second-hand literature, and I neither looked up nor browsed it myself. Usually, there is little consideration about whether the quotation is appropriate or accurate.
2. Only citing one's own papers is a sign of conceit and ignorance. Readers, editors and reviewers think that only the author's own papers are cited, which shows that the author's research topic has not attracted the attention of peers, and it is not a hot topic or a cutting-edge topic. It is also believed that the author does not understand the current progress of various related disciplines in this field, at least for a long time without consulting literature or reading academic journals. For this kind of papers, domestic editorial departments generally take a very tolerant approach, that is, ask the author to make supplements. This phenomenon is rare in foreign countries and is naturally excluded.
3. Read China literature and quote foreign literature. Take D.Marr's Vision as an example. This book has a long-standing reputation in the world because it founded the theory of visual computing, and it has been translated and published in China in time, becoming a must-read book for biological vision, computer image processing and robot vision research. Unfortunately, many authors quoted the original English version of the book in China's periodical papers. The fact is that there are few English original works in China and even in the library of China Academy of Sciences. So where do many readers get the original reading? The Chinese version is a translation with fluent language, accurate expression and high readability, which was completed by many experts after many hardships in Ganxin. When you learn useful knowledge from it, why only quote the English original and not the Chinese translation?
4. The small proportion of cited documents in recent three years is naturally related to the lack of domestic and foreign periodicals and the large lag in foreign language acquisition of domestic readers. With the development of Inlernet, this situation will be improved.
The author regards references as one of the criteria for judging the quality of papers, which is believed to be understood and recognized by more and more authors, readers, editors and peer reviewers. The fifth element of thesis writing: signature and thanks
The signature of scientific papers is an extremely serious matter. It should be determined according to the actual contribution of research work. Every author in a signed paper should be responsible for his own arguments, data and experimental results, and the responsible author should also have the ability and obligation to answer readers' questions. Improper signing may lose the chance to win the science prize. It may also seriously damage the reputation of the paper and the author. 1986, Baltimore, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, signed a paper that he was unfamiliar with and didn't know that there were forged experimental data, which caused a bad influence and was severely condemned by the scientific community. The newspaper was announced to be withdrawn and he resigned. Therefore, the signature of excellent scientific papers reflects the author's scientific ethics and should stand the test of time.
In many cases, the research work involved in a scientific paper is completed by a research group, including at least the contribution of the research group, academic exchanges and discussions between the author and colleagues, and even face-to-face or written consultation with other experts and scholars. It also includes financial support and guarantee of working conditions. In this case, the author tries to understand his academic thought through the paper. It is entirely appropriate to express gratitude to the main personnel who are helpful to the research progress, especially those who are helpful or inspired by their own research on academic and scientific issues (journal papers need not be thanked in writing, but should be solved by references or joint names).
After the end of World War II, a very unfair Nobel Prize event happened in the scientific community. At that time, the famous female physicist lise meitner made great contributions to nuclear fission. After she left Germany because she was persecuted by the Jewish people, she promoted (actually directed) Otto Hamm's experimental work through a large number of letters. Unfortunately, Hahn wants to win the Nobel Prize alone. Failing to provide these inside information to the jury, neither signing Metterna in the paper nor thanking her, finally excluded Metterna from the Nobel Prize, which greatly shocked the scientific community and condemned Hahn's behavior forever.
The author of the paper should never underestimate gratitude as a dispensable thing. After his own paper was published, he recorded your scientific research achievements in writing, and also recorded your scientific research ethics. No matter how high the grade is, it is better not to appear.
The above five elements are necessary for an excellent scientific and technological paper, or at least the goals that should be achieved. Editors and reviewers are actually working tirelessly with the author to achieve this goal. The key is of course the author himself.
How to write papers for SCI journals
The importance of writing scientific papers;
Scientific papers are the main output form of scientific research achievements, and writing scientific papers is a basic skill that a scientific and technological worker must have.
Learning to write scientific papers is a compulsory course for every graduate student, but it must be learned through practice.
What is a SCI paper?
SCI (Scientific Citation Index) is a citation index publication edited and published by institute for scientific information (ISI). Established in 1964. It is divided into print edition, CD-ROM edition and online edition. Printed and CD-ROM editions select 3,300 scientific journals from tens of thousands of journals around the world, covering more than 100 in basic science. More than 600,000 latest documents are reported every year, involving 900 citations.
Papers that enter SCI are SCI papers.
SCI selects journals on the basis of literature analysis, that is, scientific citation analysis proposed by American intelligence scientist Garfield. This analysis takes the cited frequency of periodical papers as an evaluation index. The higher the cited frequency, the greater the influence of periodicals.
In a certain period of time (usually the first two years), the total number of papers published in a journal and the total number of papers cited in SCI journals divided by the total number of papers in that period is the impact factor of the journal.
ISI investigates natural science journals all over the world, and any journal whose impact factor is greater than a certain critical value can enter the SCI system.
Journals entering the SCI system are divided into two categories, inner circle and outer circle. The former has a higher impact factor than the latter. The former is called SCI journal and the latter is called SCIsearch journal.
SCI journals are also divided into three categories: high impact factor (greater than 1. 105), medium impact factor (between 1. 105 and 0.422) and low impact factor (less than 0.422).
In addition to influencing factors, immune index and cited half-life are also indicators to measure the characteristics of periodicals.
Timely index refers to the ratio of the number of citations of journals published in that year to the total number of documents in that year. The index shows the current popularity of research topics described in journal papers.
Citation half-life refers to the number of years in which a journal publishes documents, and the number of citations in that year reaches 50% of the total number of citations.
The cited half-life reflects the duration of the research topic of journal papers, that is, the timeliness of journal papers or the speed of knowledge renewal.
The above indicators can be considered comprehensively when selecting contributing journals.
Importance of SCI papers:
With the economic globalization, scientific research is also increasingly globalized. SCI papers are an important way for international scientific exchanges and the main channel for international colleagues to understand us.
Publishing SCI papers can show the strength of China's basic research to the world and improve China's position in the world scientific community. Publishing an important article in world-famous journals such as Nature and Science is no less significant than winning a gold medal in an international sports competition of a certain discipline.
The number of papers published by SCI and the citation rate of papers are international common standards for evaluating the level of basic research achievements, and are important indicators for recruitment, promotion, assessment and reward.
As far as basic research is concerned, the level of papers published in journals of what grade is clear at a glance, and generally there is no need to identify them. If the results are not published in internationally renowned SCI journals, it is difficult to be considered as an international level.
Publishing SCI or SSCI papers is a necessary condition for doctoral students in the field of basic research in the Institute of Geography and Resources to obtain doctoral degrees, and it is also the best way to let foreign tutors know themselves when contacting foreign countries for further study.
The minimum requirements for a good article:
Clarity: clear thinking, clear concept, clear hierarchy and clear expression.
Integrity: the content is complete, the structure is complete and symmetrical, and it is forbidden to be anticlimactic.
Correct: the scientific content is correct (no mistakes), the data is correct (the data is reliable and credible), and the language is correct (no grammatical errors).
Concise: discuss deeply, fully reveal its scientific connotation, and use quantitative methods.
How to write scientific papers for sci journals
It is estimated that 30-40% of manuscripts are rejected due to language and writing reasons; For substantive reasons, 60-70% people rejected the manuscript.
To be targeted, we must first analyze the reasons for the low hit rate and high rejection rate of manuscripts submitted to SCI journals:
Nothing new, repeating other people's work (the most popular work in international publications is original and innovative work);
There are new discoveries, but they are not well refined and sublimated, rising to the height of theory;
Simple qualitative description, lack of quantitative and theoretical analysis;
It is only a local work, not a general work that can be extended to other places, that is to say, it is only the application of foreign methods in a certain area of our country, rather than proposing new methods;
The article is poorly organized and poorly written, which makes it difficult for foreign reviewers to understand.
How to make the research work innovative?
Adopt new technologies and instruments to observe natural processes and obtain new data; Analyze new data and put forward new concepts; Establish a new theory on the basis of new concepts.
Use new ideas, theories or methods to analyze the observation data obtained by predecessors and draw new conclusions.
Based on China's unique natural conditions (such as Loess Plateau, Yellow River, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, karst landform, etc.). ), discover new natural phenomena and laws.
Query the model or theory established by predecessors and establish a revised model.
How to refine and sublimate observation data
Guided by new theories and concepts, such as the critical theory and complex response theory of geomorphology.
Establishing model: empirical statistical model; A model with a material basis; Fuzzy mathematical model; System dynamics model; Grey system model; Fractal model; Artificial neural network model, etc.
On the basis of data analysis, new concepts, methods and theories are put forward.
Integrate and express research results on GIS platform.
How to organize articles?
The structure of the article
language
chart
Abstract: The main scientific problems, objectives, methods, main findings, results and conclusions of the research should be self-evident.
Keywords: accurate, standardized, not too biased (otherwise it will affect the citation of the article)
Preface: Ask questions
This paper introduces the background of the topic, the research history and present situation of predecessors in this field, and what problems remain to be solved, and then puts forward the problems and objectives of this paper.
Method (theory or observation technique)
Obtained data (how the data is obtained, analysis of data accuracy)
Analysis and results (logical reasoning, theoretical derivation, model establishment and model verification);
Conclusion.
Language:
Use strict scientific terms, do not use undefined specious sentences, and give a clear definition of the concept first put forward by yourself;
Language should be accurate, literary language should be used less, and scientific and technological terms should not be translated back to English stiffly, which makes foreign reviewers at a loss;
You should have strong logic, reason with sufficient reasons (based on known principles or facts), and don't jump too much. You can read some logic books, including mathematical logic, to improve the rigor of thinking.
Tips for writing authentic English papers;
Read more, remember more and recite more. We might as well adopt the method of primary school students learning composition and recite more sentences and even paragraphs.
When the language is mastered to a certain extent, you can write English directly, instead of writing Chinese first, and then translating sentence by sentence or even word by word. Only those who can think in English can write good English.
Contribute more, foreign reviewers often modify the language, and it will be very rewarding to compare it with your writing.
Chart:
Map is a special language of geographers and the crystallization of geographical research results.
Using correlation diagram, change curve and distribution diagram to express the results is much more intuitive and quantitative than language description.
It is very interesting for foreign reviewers to list the necessary observation data in the form of tables.
How to write different types of scientific papers;
classify
(1) experimental paper
(2) Reportage papers
(3) Theoretical papers
(4) Summarize the thesis.
Experimental paper
1 preface
2 experimental methods
3 Experimental results (data)
4 Analysis of experimental results
5 conclusion
Report paper (a report on scientific findings discovered not through experiments but through field investigation)
1 preface
2 Overview of the study area
3 description of the phenomenon found.
4 explanation
5 scientific significance
6. Conclusion
Theoretical paper (proposing theory or calculation method)
1 preface
2 Theory (derivation and proof)
3 Theoretical verification (such as calibration of theoretical model)
4. Application of theory (for example, or application significance)
5 conclusion
Summarize the thesis
To summarize the latest progress in a certain field, there must be comments, not just a list of previous work;
It is necessary to have the reviewer's own views and comments on other people's works, and point out the shortcomings and ideas for solving problems;
We should sum up several hot spots or frontier issues and start a narrative, instead of running everything in a running account;
We should not only occupy a large number of documents, but also choose and highlight the essence, carefully digest the documents before writing and avoid mechanical listing.
We should not only look forward to the future development, but also play a guiding role in the research of others;
Try to quote the latest works to reflect timeliness;
Read as many literary works as possible, "Eating steamed bread chewed by others is tasteless".
Some experiences in publishing articles in SCI journals
Based on innovation: new concepts, new methods (technologies), new materials, new discoveries and new theories. "Innovation" is the soul of a good paper.
Based on China's unique natural conditions (such as Loess Plateau, Yellow River, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and southwest karst landform), new phenomena are discovered and new concepts are put forward.
Write a summary;
Write a good preface, especially a good literature review;
Data sources and observation methods should be explained accurately and in detail;
All quotations from other people's opinions, facts and data must indicate the source;
The map of the study area should be attached, and the place names mentioned in the article should appear on the map and cannot be omitted;
When sending back the revised draft, explain how the opinions put forward by the reviewers were revised; If it fails to be revised, it shall explain the reasons and obtain the understanding of the examiners.
Dare to contribute to authoritative journals;
Many magazines welcome achievements from China;
The opinions of foreign reviewers are quite insightful, even if the manuscript is rejected, it will be of great inspiration to you;
The higher the grade of the publication, the higher the level of the reviewers, and the less they will bury the innovation achievements;
You can get a rare opportunity to have an academic dialogue with world-class scholars for free.
Dare to contribute to SCI journals, and don't be afraid to refuse. International SCI journals are generally not superstitious about celebrities.