Wu Zhengxian, a national famous primary school mathematics special-grade teacher, a national model teacher, a deputy to the National People's Congress, a national inspector, an expert in the examination and approval of compulsory education mathematics curriculum standards (201kloc-0/version), a member of the national basic education curriculum expert working committee, a member of the examination and approval committee of primary and secondary school textbooks of the Ministry of Education, a deputy director of the national primary school mathematics teaching professional committee, and a director of the primary school mathematics teaching and research center of the Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences. Teacher Wu and his team core members (Beijing No.2 Experimental Primary School Mathematics Teacher) and Liu (Beijing Xicheng District Education Institute Primary School Mathematics Teacher and Researcher) organized the relevant members of the primary school mathematics teacher workstation, closely following the spirit of the 20 1 1 version of the mathematics curriculum standard, through multi-party verification, extensive consultation and extensive teaching practice, The vivid interpretation of 100 basic concepts in primary school mathematics teaching-concept description-defines each concept from two levels of modern mathematics and primary school mathematics: concept interpretation-explains the connotation and mathematical essence of related mathematical concepts, introduces its origin, background and context, and shows its application field; Teaching suggestions-based on the actual teaching of primary school mathematics, combined with teaching practice cases, give specific teaching suggestions on related mathematical concepts; Recommended reading-provides space for teachers to further deepen and expand their understanding of mathematical concepts.
The first link: "create situations and find problems"
Problem is the "heart" of mathematics learning, and the learning goal without problem is not clear. Math problems of primary school students can only be effectively realized in certain situations. The purpose of creating mathematical situation is to stimulate students' interest in learning, stimulate students' thinking, guide students to find and put forward mathematical problems closely related to this lesson, and prepare for cooperative inquiry. Cultivate students' ability to independently find, ask and think about problems.
The second link: "cooperative inquiry and problem solving"
"Mathematics Curriculum Standard" points out: "Hands-on practice, independent exploration and cooperative communication are important ways for students to learn mathematics." Cooperation ability is one of the essential basic abilities in today's society, which can expand students' thinking space in cooperation and communication. Therefore, the cultivation of cooperative ability must be implemented in the classroom, so that students can compete on the basis of cooperation. In the face of practical problems, it is an important embodiment of mathematics application consciousness to actively try to use the knowledge and methods learned from mathematics to seek strategies to solve problems, and it is also the key to whether the learned knowledge and methods can be applied to practice.
The third link: "show communication, internalize and improve"
Cooperative inquiry is the process of students' full perception, and exhibition communication is the process of students' perceptual knowledge colliding with each other. In the process of communication and discussion, through comparison, questioning and reflection, we will constantly optimize the learning achievements of individuals and groups until we reach an understanding, internalize them into personal problem-solving strategies, form scientific conclusions, and find out strategies suitable for solving current problems. Once the problem is solved, students' thinking ability will change accordingly, thus promoting the improvement of students' learning ability and the development of thinking quality. In the process of exhibition and communication, students can experience the fun of mathematics learning, find the embodiment of their own value, and experience the fun of successfully solving practical problems by using mathematics. This can not only cultivate students' self-confidence, but also cultivate students' correct feelings, attitudes and values in mathematics learning.
The fourth link: "review and organize, expand application"
After a class, success is very important. When a teacher completes a teaching content or activity, he should make an appropriate summary and summarize the knowledge, so that students can review and summarize what they have learned in a targeted manner and help students form a knowledge system. Then test students' understanding and application level of new knowledge by expanding application.