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Brief introduction of Zhang uprising
Zhang, the word Bingwu, the name Yan, was born in Jian 'an, Shu. Born in a poor family, he once worked as a house in Yan 'an in Artu, and later went to the border defense camp. In the third year, there was drought and famine in northern Shaanxi for years, and farmers launched riots. According to Fugu records, in June 2008, Wang Jiayin, the leader of the peasant army, burst its banks. Loyal rate of rice fertilizer farmers in Shibuyaying village, since the number of eight kings, known as Zhang. The following year, he became the battalion commander of the 36th Battalion of Stamp Peasant Army cast by Zhang Daxi regime, and moved to Shaanxi and Henan. In eight years, more than ten thousand people marched into northern Anhui. 1999, King Gao Yingxiang was captured and killed, and the loyal army was the most powerful. In the autumn of the same year, the loyal army led Lao Hui and Ma Shouying from Zhou Jun to attack Xiangyang, joined forces with Luo Rucai and Liu Guoneng eastward, and joined forces with He Yilong and He Jin, who had occupied Yingshan and Huoshan in Anhui for a long time, and headed for Huaiyang. In the spring of ten years, I moved to Taihu Lake, qi zhou, Huangzhou, Anqing and other places to break the state, including mountainous areas and Dingyuan, with a population of 200,000. In the autumn of the same year, the Ming army concentrated its forces, strengthened its deployment and launched a counterattack. After repeated defeats, the rebels took Macheng first, and then retreated to the west ancient city. In order to preserve my strength, I gave my loyalty to Xiong Wencan, the minister of military affairs and the minister of war of six provinces in the Ming Dynasty. In May of 11th year, he was falsely accused of surrender. After the loyal minister and traitor surrendered, they were nominally controlled by the Ming Dynasty, but actually encouraged Xiong Wencan to ask for a salary. He stationed tens of thousands of troops in the ancient city, built weapons and trained foot soldiers to prepare for raising the banner of justice again. /kloc-In May of 0/2, he set out again, took the silver reward from King Zhang Zhuxi to the state treasury, released prisoners and slaughtered local officials. Ming troops stationed in Gucheng and Fangxian surrendered to the rebels. In July, in Luoshan, west of Fangxian County, Liang Zuoyu defeated the Ming army and won a great victory. Xiong Wencan therefore abandoned the city, and Zuo Liangyu was demoted by three levels. Devote oneself to loyalty to the army. In October, Yang Sichang, Minister of the Ministry of War of the Ming Dynasty, went to Xiangyang. The Ministry of War led hundreds of soldiers from all walks of life to suppress the insurgents with a four-corner strategy. /kloc-in the spring of 0/3, the rebels such as Manao Mountain lost in a row, retreated to Guixing Mountain, and retreated one after another. After that, he moved to Huguang and Sichuan-Shaanxi border areas. A few months later, we broke through Xinning, Dazhu, Dachang and Kaixian and found Lianke County in eastern Sichuan. In view of the situation in Yang Sichang, we adopted the strategy of moving closer to the enemy. 1641July 13 to10/October 14. The insurgents started from Guangyuan in the north, Luzhou and Nanxi in the south, Chengdu in the west and Wushan and Kuimen in the east. The insurgents traveled all over Sichuan several times. The Ming army was exhausted and had to follow behind and ask where to go. On February 14th, Zhong Xian suddenly led an army out of Sichuan into Chu, captured Xiangyang, killed Zhu Yiming, king of Mingxiang, and sent treasury silver to help the hungry. Yang Sichang was forced to hang himself, and his encirclement and suppression strategy was a complete failure. Zhang Qijun entered its heyday and moved to counties in Henan, Hubei, central Anhui and northern Anhui. In sixteen years, Huang Qi called on farmers to join the army, and the ranks expanded rapidly. In May, he captured Wuchang and ordered Zhu Huakui, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, to help the poor with the money stored in his palace. Wuchang was changed to Shitianfu, thinking that Kyoto was called Daxi King. Set up an official, acquire the areas of Shi, Qiu and Huang, and 2 1 county belongs to it. In August, Wuchang was abandoned in the west and Puyin, Jiayu and Changsha were abandoned in the south. And capture Changde, B.

In October, take Chengdu as Xijing and establish political power. The title of Daxi, Daxi Xiaoqi Baby Forbidden Monument was changed to Yuan Dashun. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, the first year of Dashun, six pavilions were set up and former officials who voted for Dashun in the Ming Dynasty were appointed. He is a university student and prime minister of Zuoge, a university student and prime minister of Youge, Hu Mo is an official minister, Wang is an official minister, Gong is an official minister, and Wang Yinglong is an official minister. It also set up schools to supervise monasteries and schools and appointed officials. Local governments are divided into prefectures, prefectures and counties, with governors, governors, governors and other officials. At the same time, unified military system, 120 battalion, company commander. The top military attaché s are generals, including Sun Kewang, Li Dingguo, Liu Wenxiu and Ai Nengqi. There are many people in charge. In order to recruit talents, scholars were also established and elected to the central and local officials respectively. In order to absorb foreign advanced science and technology, Italian missionary Li Leisi and Portuguese missionary An Siwen were hired as national astronomy teachers to consult western countries on politics, astronomy and mathematics. Two people made globes, globes and sundials to show their loyalty. In Sichuan, the officials, gentry and landlords in Zhang and other places were severely suppressed, but the measures were excessive and spread too widely. Within the rebels, foot soldiers are strictly bound and are not allowed to engage in sexual plunder. Violators will be punished from restraint to disclosure, but these punishments are usually prohibited. Prisoners were also released, and the gold and silver in the national treasury were dispersed to alleviate poverty. During the rebel occupation, slaves who were oppressed by local officials and gentry Wilbur either rioted in response to their loyalty or reported the crimes of their former owners to the rebel local government, thus being punished. The insurgents paid special attention to uniting ethnic minorities, sent people to various places to invite them, and exempted them from rent and taxes for three years. In addition to the minority tribes, ethnic minorities in Sichuan joined in many ways. In order to maintain the traditional tea-horse trade between the mainland and ethnic minority areas in the past, Zhong Xian also appointed Wang Guochen in Asia as the tea-horse empire, in charge of political affairs. In Zhongxian County, since Zhongxian occupied Sichuan, the rebels were gradually defeated under the attack of the Qing army. After the Qing army occupied the provinces in the Yellow River basin, it split its troops south. In the second year of Qing dynasty, he sent people to Sichuan to offer loyalty and surrender, but loyalty and loyalty strongly refused, and called the general to plan an expedition. In March and August of 2003, the Qing soldiers crossed Jiange and entered Langzhong. Zhong Xian led a great army to meet the enemy and arrived at Phoenix Mountain in Xichong. The Qing army suddenly arrived, but because he was not prepared for the battle, Zhong Xian was killed by the Qing army and the rebels were defeated. In the rate of Li Dingguo south Yunnan-Guizhou, combined with Nanming anti-Qing. The first year of Kangxi finally failed.