First, the characteristics of thinking development of second-grade primary school students
From the analysis of the learning characteristics of the second-grade students in primary school, it is found that students are enthusiastic about participating in classroom learning, but limited by their thinking ability, they have some difficulties in the process of knowledge understanding. On the one hand, students' thinking is still in the development stage, and it is difficult to understand abstract and difficult theoretical knowledge; On the other hand, students' access to knowledge is too single, and their autonomous learning ability is poor, so it is difficult to understand the essential connotation of things according to their external phenomena. From the analysis of the general law of students' thinking development, the second-grade primary school students mainly rely on intuitive thinking to recognize things, with strong perceptual ability but weak logical ability. According to the characteristics of students' thinking development in the second grade of primary school, in the process of mathematics teaching in the second grade of primary school, we should pay attention to guiding students to transition from perceptual thinking to rational thinking in order to effectively promote the development of students' mathematical thinking ability in the teaching process.
Second, the principles that should be paid attention to in cultivating students' mathematical thinking ability in the second grade of primary school
The traditional teaching method of mathematics in the second grade of primary school lacks pertinence and guidance, and the backward teaching method can no longer meet the requirements of cultivating students' mathematical thinking ability. Under the call of the new curriculum teaching concept, the new teaching method of mathematics in the second grade of primary school should take students as the teaching center. Teachers should pay full attention to students' difficulties and doubts in the learning process, follow the general law of students' thinking development, give appropriate guidance, and gradually cultivate students' mathematical thinking ability. According to the analysis of students' learning situation, different students are influenced by different factors and show different situations in the process of mathematics learning in the second grade of primary school. Some students have strong observation ability and can fully explore the laws and relationships between mathematical knowledge through observation. Some students have rich life experience and can fully understand the application of mathematical knowledge in life. In the face of different students, teachers should adopt appropriate teaching methods for appropriate guidance, so as to effectively promote students to understand knowledge according to their own characteristics and cultivate students' thinking ability in a way that students can easily accept.
Third, the general method of cultivating the mathematical thinking ability of the second grade students in primary school.
1. Cultivate the logic of students' creative thinking in questions
Mathematical knowledge is not produced for no reason, it is the crystallization of people's life wisdom. Although the content of mathematics knowledge in the second grade of primary school is relatively basic and the requirements for logical reasoning ability are relatively simple, students also need to have certain judgment and induction ability in order to understand mathematics knowledge more easily. In the process of mathematics teaching in the second grade of primary school, in order to promote the development of students' thinking ability, teachers should create reasonable problem situations according to the teaching content and gradually induce the formation of students' mathematical thinking ability. In the process of problem creation, teachers should strictly grasp the relationship between problems, thus reflecting the hierarchy and relevance of mathematical problems and cultivating students' thinking logic in questioning. Take the content of mathematics knowledge in the second grade of primary school as an example. In the process of asking questions, teachers can start from "1X8=?" Here we go. This simple question leads students to review what they have learned about multiplication, and then use "1X8+2=?" This mathematical formula guides students to compare the differences between them, so that students can deeply understand the logical relationship in "addition and subtraction mixed operation" and get the correct answer with clear thinking. Mathematics is a discipline with rigorous thinking and clear logic. In order to improve the mathematical thinking ability, the students in grade two of primary school need some exercise. Teachers' reasonable control of problem creation will make students' mathematical thinking ability develop smoothly and orderly in teaching activities, thus improving the effectiveness of teaching.
2. Cultivate the rigor of students' thinking in practice.
Stiffness is a major feature of mathematics. However, because of their young age, the second-grade students in primary school can't deeply understand the rigorous concepts and connotations, and because of their luck in exploring mathematical knowledge, they can't firmly grasp the basic content and application scope of mathematical knowledge. Furthermore, the content of mathematics knowledge in the second grade of primary school is closely related to life, and it is also the teaching goal of mathematics curriculum in the second grade of primary school to help students master certain mathematical knowledge application ability. In order to ensure that students can truly understand the practical application and value connotation of mathematics knowledge, teachers should give students some practical operation space in the process of mathematics teaching in the second grade of primary school, so as to cultivate students' mathematical thinking ability under the condition of satisfying students' cognitive laws. Just like when learning mathematical knowledge such as "meter, centimeter, decimeter", teachers guide students to use tools for practical exploration, so that students can understand the transformation relationship in the process of deeply understanding these mathematical units, so as to understand that the unit conversion relationship comes from practical operation and realize the rigor of mathematical knowledge in the process of thinking. Giving students practical operation space in the process of mathematics teaching in the second grade of primary school can make students gain knowledge growth in practice, thus improving their mathematical thinking ability.
Fourth, summary.
The cultivation of mathematical thinking ability of the second grade students in primary school is a gradual process. Under the call of the new curriculum teaching concept, only by carrying out teaching activities according to the general law of students' thinking development and gradually guiding students to broaden their thinking in knowledge exploration can teachers ensure the formation of students' mathematical thinking ability.