Keywords Constructivism Children's Mathematical Activities
Activity case
Case-Wonderful Graphic World
Geometric figures are widely used in daily life, and various geometric figures can be seen everywhere in life, such as squares, circles, triangles and so on. This is an operation activity in the field of mathematics. The activity content is "Brainstorming Wonderful Graphics", which is designed on the basis that the large class children already know the basic geometric graphics. The teacher provides children with various shapes of different sizes and colors, so that they can use their brains to spell out various patterns according to the theme given by the teacher. In the operation activities, the teacher provided a scene of interaction, communication and cooperation for the children. The children were very interested and devoted, and they could also think positively and spell according to the requirements of the theme. After spelling, the teacher asked the children to say how to spell and what graphics were used for each pattern. The following is a record of the whole teaching activity.
Teachers show the courseware "Wonderful Graphic Kingdom" to create a colorful teaching environment for children. Among them, there are all kinds of common patterns in life, which arouse students' attention to all kinds of patterns and patterns. The teacher asked, "Look at the figures you already know here. What do these graphics look like? " At this time, a child in the class recalled the characteristics of various graphics that he had talked about before, and the teacher repeated them to deepen his impression: "These graphics are our good friends. Now let's compare which group of children find' friends' quickly and correctly. " The teacher first divided the children into several groups, prepared graphics of various sizes and colors and put them in baskets, so that the children could enter the later activities.
1. Find graphics (put all kinds of graphics of different colors, shapes and sizes together)
Please take six red circles, five yellow squares, four blue triangles and seven red semicircles for each group of children. When one child in each group takes it as required, other children should count it for him after taking it to see if he takes it correctly and which group takes it correctly and quickly. The children are highly motivated and act quickly. One child looks for pictures and the other children help count them. Through this operation activity, one is to help children review graphics, and the other is to help children review and count objects correctly.
The teacher asked, "Just now we saw the beautiful patterns that we often see in our lives. (The teacher plays the courseware again) Please tell us which patterns these patterns are made of. It can also be said that it is in the classroom. " The children's observation ability is very strong, and they all rushed to answer: "Big toys are made up of circles and rectangles." "There are triangular, round and square chickens on the ground." "There are numbers made up of squares and rectangles on the bookshelf." "There are square and semicircular cars in the book." Wait a minute. Teacher: "Now we know the wonders of graphics. The figures we just saw were all pieced together by others, and now we are inventors. Please use your head. When the teacher said a word, everyone spelled out beautiful patterns with the graphics on the table. " This is a very challenging question, which can stimulate students' imagination.
2. Spell, speak and record.
The teacher said something, let the children spell it by themselves. After spelling, talk about what kinds of graphics were used and what parts each graphic became. Teacher: "Please spell a villain." The teacher stressed that you can use your favorite graphics to spell, and use what children use to spell.
Teachers patrol the classroom, observe the children's operation process, and give timely help and guidance. During the patrol, a child said to the teacher, "Teacher, I spelled a girl and wore a red skirt (triangle)." The teacher praised her: "Good spelling! Can a little girl wear another skirt? " Later, I went to see the spelling of other children. The teacher found that children spell villains differently, and only a few children in the class spell the same as others. After spelling, the teacher first asked Zhang Hao to talk about how he spelled. Zhang Hao said: "I spelled the child's head with a circle, her body with a square, her hand with a rectangle, her skirt with a triangle and buttons with a circle." Other children scrambled to say, "Teacher, my spelling is different from Zhang Hao's." The teacher also asked him to talk about it. "My little head is triangular, her feet are rectangular, her hands are two squares, and she is wearing a red round hat." Another child went on to say, "I also spelled a girl." I spelled her head with a square, her hand and body with a triangle, and her skirt with a rectangle. Her legs were blocked by the skirt. " Children have too many wonderful ideas. The teacher asked them to tell their classmates their own patterns, carefully look at how other companions spelled them, put the spelled patterns on the display platform, and learn from each other in an atmosphere of collective cooperation.
It can be seen that as long as you spell a villain, children can spell out different patterns with different graphics, and each child can express his spelling process in his own language. Children seem to be designers, and their imagination and creativity have been fully exerted. As Reggio said: Children have one hundred languages, one hundred hands, one hundred thoughts and one hundred ways of thinking, playing and speaking.
The learning view of constructivism holds that knowledge is not passively absorbed, but actively constructed by cognitive subjects. Children are active learners who actively participate in meaning construction, and construct and explain reality based on their own experience. Because of different experiences and backgrounds, students often have different understandings of problems. However, in a learning group, this difference itself constitutes a valuable learning resource; At the same time, because