Translation and rotation are new teaching contents in primary school mathematics according to the requirements of Mathematics Curriculum Standard for Full-time Compulsory Education (Experimental Draft) (hereinafter referred to as the Standard). Translation and rotation are the ways in which an object or figure changes its position in space. Understanding translation and rotation plays an important role in developing the concept of space. The translation of this textbook has been rotated twice, the first time in Unit 3 of Grade Three (Volume Two) and the second time in Unit 8 of Phase Four (Volume Two).

The teaching emphasis of grade three is: to judge the movement of an object with representation, to understand the direction and distance of graphic translation, to understand the process and method according to the conclusion, and to use the method to find the conclusion. Teaching difficulties: I can understand the direction and distance of graphic translation, understand the process and method according to the conclusion, and find the conclusion by methods. The teaching emphasis of grade four: draw the symmetry axis of a simple axisymmetric figure, translate the simple figure horizontally and vertically on the grid paper twice, and rotate the simple figure 90. Teaching difficulties: Translate the simple figure horizontally and vertically twice on the grid paper, and rotate the simple figure 90.