First, the factors that affect the formation of primary school mathematics teachers' teaching style
internal factor
1, the concept of updating teachers' academic qualifications and knowledge
I remember when I was a teacher for the first time, we took "a teacher must have a bucket of water to give students a glass of water" as our motto, and thought that a teacher was a knowledge giver. Only with solid and profound professional knowledge can we be condescending, control freely and export the essence of knowledge to students. Teachers with poor knowledge can't teach good students even with the best teaching methods. Of course, teachers' own education level is indeed the premise of the formation of teachers' style. Generally speaking, the higher a teacher's educational level, the more profound his knowledge, which can improve the depth of teaching content and the content of new knowledge in the teaching process. To give students a bowl of water, the teacher must have a bucket of water. But common sense tells us that water is different, there are clear water, running water, stagnant water, dirty water, even rotten water and smelly water. So, is a bucket of water enough for the teacher? Obviously, this is not possible. How can the canal be so clear? Because there is running water at the source. Having solid and profound professional knowledge and constantly updating knowledge concepts will promote the formation of teachers' teaching style.
2. Teachers' dedication to teaching.
Ye Shengtao, a famous educator, forged the ideal personality of teachers with his glorious life: loving students, respecting students, teaching carefully, integrating theory with practice, attaching importance to innovation and creation, and always insisting on "learning to be a teacher and being a model". It is his excellent qualities that have influenced students and shaped many talents as pillars of society. There is an old saying in China: "Master and apprentice are like father and son". This sentence shows that teachers can care for their students as much as their fathers do. When the teacher walks into the classroom with a sunny face, the students' mood will be very relaxed and relaxed; When the teacher approached them with an angry face, the students were silent for fear of bumping into the angry muzzle of the teacher; Teachers affirm students with enthusiasm and motivate students with appreciation in class. Their hearts will be filled with happiness and joy, and they will be very excited, which will make students have the desire to learn. The teacher's criticism, sarcasm and ridicule undoubtedly cast a heavy cloud over the students' spiritual sky.
Only when teachers love teaching and are willing to contribute can they take every lesson seriously, have a strong desire to improve their teaching level, and strive to make their teaching techniques and teaching effects perfect. Teachers' devotion to music teaching plays a decisive role in the formation of teaching style.
3. The influence of teachers' personality characteristics.
Writing is like a person, and teaching is like a person. Some people are enthusiastic, cheerful and passionate; Some people are calm and thoughtful; Some people are quick-thinking and humorous ... different personality characteristics and different teaching styles will be different.
Mahlander pointed out in Sculpture Art in Class: "Teaching and educating people is a sculpture art, and every excellent teacher is a sculptor. The sculptor acts on the object of work according to his own style, so his works will inevitably reflect his style characteristics. " In classroom teaching, a teacher is like a sculptor, and some teachers are used to a teaching method; However, some teachers constantly change teaching means and methods according to different teaching contents in the teaching process; This different teaching style mainly comes from the personality characteristics of teachers. It is precisely because of this personality characteristic that performing on the podium makes the teaching style diversified and makes teaching a colorful art.
4. The accumulation of teachers' own teaching experience and innovative consciousness.
The formation of teaching style is the result of teachers' bold practice, exploration and innovation. Different teaching content, different teaching environment, different teaching resources, different students, different classes and different external environment, many uncertain factors determine that teaching is regular, and teaching has no definite law. What is important is to get it right. As a teacher, you should experience all kinds of normal contact and gradually form a relatively stable teaching style suitable for your major. As the excellent teacher said, "One minute on stage takes ten years off stage." Teachers should not only accumulate teaching experience, but also constantly innovate and learn, and constantly improve and change on the basis of their own style. Only in this way can they be handy and effective in teaching. On the basis of practical teaching experience, I gradually formed my own teaching style in the process of continuous teaching technology innovation.
(2) External factors
1, the influence and restriction of social traditions and the requirements of the times
The "five-step teaching method" put forward by Kailov, a famous educator in the Soviet Union, has influenced China teachers from generation to generation, and has become a universal model advocated by the education circles in China. Organize teaching, review old lessons, explain new lessons, consolidate new lessons and assign homework. This five-step method has been written into the teaching material of primary school mathematics teaching method, and also serves as the standard for us to evaluate a teacher's class, thus forming a fixed teaching style.
In modern society, science and technology are advancing by leaps and bounds. The development trend of economic globalization and educational informationization and networking has put forward higher and newer requirements for personnel training in the 2 1 century, and both educational concepts and educational models have undergone fundamental changes. Teachers who stand on the platform of cultivating talents, if they don't update their ideas and keep pace with the times, will not be able to adapt to the educational work in the new era and become laggards in modern education.
In recent years, with the deepening of educational reform, many new teaching models have emerged in teaching. Qiu Xuehua, a special-grade teacher in Jiangsu Province, whose "try teaching method", as its name implies, emphasizes "try first and then guide, practice first and then speak", and advocates that students should try and try more. Wei Shusheng, a famous special-grade teacher, also put forward a "six-step teaching method" during this period, that is, positioning-self-study-discussion-answering questions-self-test-self-summary. Professor Lu Zhongheng, a researcher at the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is famous for his "self-study counseling model" and advocates "learning before teaching".
2. Teaching content and students' actual situation are important factors affecting teaching style.
Different teaching contents should adopt different teaching methods and means. For example, primary school mathematics includes the concept, calculation, problem solving and geometry of primary school mathematics. This requires that teachers' teaching style should not be static, and should meet the requirements of different teaching contents on the basis of their own stable style. For example, the primary school math concept "1", who can see the real "1", we can only see a tree, a pen, a person, a cow, and never see the math concept "1". This abstraction of mathematical concepts determines that the learning of primary school mathematics should be based on the corresponding perceptual experience and experience. Especially the introduction and formation of new concepts, we should pay more attention to how to provide students with rich and typical perceptual materials and establish clear representations in their minds. As the saying goes, "A thousand readers have a thousand Hamlets", students will inevitably have different views on the teaching content in class. As teachers, we should not blindly follow the preset standards to seek answers, but should pay attention to the generative nature of the classroom. Due to the differences of students' age, intelligence and learning foundation, it will also have a great influence on the formation of teachers' teaching style.
3. Teach democracy and atmosphere in schools.
The school teaching environment mainly refers to the teaching democracy and scientific research atmosphere, the school's evaluation system of teaching and learning, students' situation, teaching facilities and so on. In the relaxed, democratic and exploratory teaching art environment, teachers often study and learn from different teaching concepts, teaching methods and teaching means to learn from each other's strengths. This is extremely beneficial to the improvement of teachers' teaching level and the innovation of teaching technology, especially young teachers can learn new things anytime and anywhere, promote the rapid growth of young teachers and have a positive impact on the formation of each teacher's teaching style.
4. The teaching evaluation system of the school.
Teaching evaluation is an important part of teaching activities. It can be said that teaching evaluation plays a guiding role in the formation and development of teachers' teaching style. At present, there are various drawbacks in the school teaching evaluation system. Focusing on basic knowledge and skills, this paper focuses on students' memory and reproduction of teachers' teaching contents, and pays attention to the standardization and unification of answers. It does not leave the necessary space for students' unique interpretation and innovative understanding. This has caused a serious phenomenon of exam-oriented education.
The new curriculum standard of mathematics points out that the main purpose of evaluation is to stimulate students' learning and improve teachers' teaching, and an evaluation system with multiple evaluation objectives and multiple evaluations should be established. The evaluation of mathematics learning should not only pay attention to students' learning results, but also pay attention to their learning process; We should pay attention to students' mathematics learning level, and pay more attention to students' emotions and attitudes, so as to help students know themselves and build up their self-confidence. Therefore, the evaluation system of teaching and learning has a great influence on what kind of teaching style teachers form.
5. Teaching facilities and school environment
The era of "a piece of chalk and a book can give lectures on the platform" in the 1980s is long gone. With the rapid development of education and the gradual deepening of curriculum reform, multimedia-assisted teaching, which integrates graphics, characters, sounds and images, has attracted more and more attention. It can make classroom teaching more vivid and intuitive. How to properly integrate multimedia technology with primary school mathematics teaching, change teaching methods and means, and achieve better results than traditional teaching mode, also affects the formation of teachers' teaching style.
Second, the formation of primary school mathematics teachers' teaching style should pay attention to several issues.
1, be a passionate and intelligent primary school math teacher.
Teaching is an art, and the most essential thing of art is to feel people. A teacher who doesn't like or even hates the subject he teaches, even if he is well-educated and talented, it is difficult to form his own teaching style.
Passion is the mother of all arts. Passion is not madness in a simple sense, but your deep love for the subject of primary school mathematics. It is very important for students to feel the relationship between teachers and them in their usual communication. Ignoring or looking down on students may bring students intense pain, destroy self-confidence and brew hostility. Of course, if we love students, we should show it clearly in our behavior. Loving students includes appreciating their needs and hobbies. Creating problem situations is a common strategy in mathematics teaching, which helps to solve the contradiction between the high abstraction of mathematics and the concrete visualization of primary school students' thinking. We should respect and understand students' constructive ideas, give them an appreciative evaluation, say less "you can't do it, you are wrong" and say more "you are really good and great", so that students can study in a pleasant atmosphere and make the classroom full of vitality.
2. Have a clear sense of self.
Self-awareness is a person's understanding and evaluation of himself, his psychological tendency, personality psychological characteristics and psychological process. It is precisely because people have self-awareness that they can control and adjust their thoughts and behaviors and form a complete personality. The content of self-awareness includes intellectual factors and non-intellectual factors. In terms of intelligence, we should fully understand our own advantages and disadvantages in observation, thinking, attention, memory and imagination. In particular, the characteristics of mathematics are different from other disciplines because of its high abstraction and strict logic. For example, the understanding of natural numbers: 1, 2, 3, …,10/,102, 103, …, 100 1,/kloc. This imaginary number is actually the product of human thinking and is regarded as an "ideal element". Similarly, the concepts such as the infinity of straight lines, the density of rational numbers and the continuity of real numbers are also the results of rational thinking and cannot be directly perceived by people. Non-intelligence factors include emotion, will, interest, personality and other factors. Teachers should know what kind of temperament they belong to, such as choleric temperament, sanguine temperament, mucinous temperament and depressive temperament, because different temperament embodies different personality characteristics, so it is suitable to create different teaching styles. It can be seen that this understanding of "self" is quite important.
3. Have a sense of continuous learning.
Mr. Tao Xingzhi said: "Never tire of learning, never tire of teaching;" If selling secondhand goods every day is boring, it's hard for teachers not to feel tired. He also said: "studious is contagious." A studious person can dye many studious people. As far as status is concerned, a studious teacher is the most important. To have studious students, there must be studious gentlemen. "In other words, if students want to learn, they must learn. Only a gentleman who never tires of learning can teach students who never tire of learning. Students also influence each other. A studious classmate can attract other students to be studious. Once a teacher stops studying, his work is like the operation of a machine. In mechanical boring activities, teachers will lose the essence of human beings, feel that life is meaningless, be depressed and be lifeless. At present, the speed of knowledge updating is accelerating, the theory of education and teaching is innovating, and educational information technology is widely used in teaching. As a teacher, if you don't stick to the idea of lifelong learning, you can't reach a new level, so continuous learning has become a requirement for teachers in today's society. Therefore, it is very important to study hard and learn to learn as a teacher.
4. Have a good attitude.
According to the stereotype theory, stereotype refers to a state of psychological preparation formed by certain psychological activities, which makes people recognize or react in a relatively fixed way, affects the tendency to solve problems, and sometimes helps to solve problems, and has a positive role; Sometimes it will hinder the solution of the problem and bring negative effects. The psychological stereotype of primary school mathematics teachers has a great influence on primary school mathematics teaching. Positive psychological stereotype promotes the progress of teaching, while negative psychological stereotype hinders the deepening of teaching. "Once bitten, twice shy" not only reflects the cognitive psychological stereotype, but also has a strong emotional color. The formation of teaching style depends on a stable and positive psychological set. Psychological research and practice have proved that a free, relaxed and safe atmosphere can give full play to people's wisdom. Therefore, we should take corresponding countermeasures, not only to strengthen the psychological stereotype, but also to break through the bondage of the stereotype in time and constantly improve the psychological structure, thus forming a unique teaching style with aesthetic taste, ideological tendency and way of thinking.
In a word, having a unique and stable teaching style is the pursuit of every teacher, not the pursuit of famous teachers and special teachers. The all-round growth of teachers and the formation of teaching style can only be achieved through the efforts and unremitting pursuit of every teacher. From now on, starting from each class, they will develop in their own direction.