In ancient India, urban construction needed design and planning, and sacrifices needed to calculate the movements of the sun, the moon and the stars, so mathematical calculation came into being. Around 3000 BC, the number of residents in the Indus Valley was relatively advanced, and the decimal calculation method was adopted.
By the third century BC, a complete set of numbers appeared in India, but the writing in different regions was not completely consistent. Brahmanism was the most representative: this set of numbers was widely used at that time. Its characteristic is that every number from "1" to "9" has a special word. Modern numbers are derived from this set of numbers. In this set of numbers, the symbol "0" (zero) has not yet appeared. The number "0" did not appear until Gupta Dynasty (320-550 AD).
The symbol "0" was already used in the mathematical book "The Manual of the Sun" completed in the 4th century A.D., when it was only a solid dot. Later, the dot evolved into a small circle "0". In this way, a set of numbers from "1" to "0" tends to be perfect. This is the great contribution of the ancient Indian people to world culture.
The numbers invented by ancient India first spread to neighboring countries such as Sri Lanka, Myanmar and Cambodia.