As we all know, we usually use seven basic sounds: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Of course, the degree of change has also changed. Take the piano as an example. On the piano, there are 88 keys, 52 white keys and 36 black keys (I don't believe you can count, haha ~ ~). The 52 white keys correspond to the most commonly used pitch level 1234567, and the 36 black keys keys correspond to the tone sandhi level, which is what we usually call rising 1 and falling. This is the problem. There are so many voices, and the name is only 1234567. How can we tell who is who? Let's talk about the grouping of sounds first.

Fifty-two white keys on the piano reuse the names of seven basic levels, so there are many homophones. In order to distinguish sounds with the same name but different pitches, we divide the sound sequence into many groups.

Here, I want to emphasize that what we usually call "alto do" is actually what we call the central C. In the grouping of sounds, it belongs to a group of small characters, which is recorded as c 1, and the sounds from it are small character groups. (For example, bass si, labeled B) The small group goes down to the large group and is represented by capital letters (we usually say lowC, labeled C). By analogy, a * * * can be pushed to A2 of the big phrase, which is the lowest sound on the keyboard. Then we can push up from the center C, or we can introduce a small group of two, three, four, five, and c5.

The symbols of each group of sounds are as follows:

Each sound in the group is represented by lowercase letters, and if it is group N, it is represented by lowercase letters and numbers at the upper right.

All the sounds in a large character set are represented by capital letters. If it is a large character set n, add numbers to the lower right of the capital letters to represent it.

This is the grouping of sounds, which is international and absolutely universal, haha ~ ~ ~ but here I want to mention the concept of register.

The total range is also the range of the piano, from C2 to C5, can you understand it? In addition, individual vocals or musical instruments also have their own range.

Let's talk about what temperament is first. Theoretically, the absolute accurate height of each tone in the music system and the relationship between them are called temperament. Melody is formed in the long-term development of music practice and becomes the basis for determining the mode pitch. There are also many kinds of temperament, such as the law of twelve averages, the law of five degrees, the law of purity and so on. Only the most commonly used law of twelve averages is introduced here.

The so-called law of twelve averages is to divide an octave into twelve equal melodies-semitones, which is called the law of twelve averages. The law of twelve averages was put forward by ancient Greece, but it has not been scientifically calculated. The first musician in the world who formulated the law of twelve averages according to mathematics was Zhu Zaiyu of Ming Dynasty in China (1584).

In music, the minimum distance between two tones is semitone, which includes 12 semitones in octave, except 3 and 4 in basic tone level; Between 7 and 1, except for the sound, the rest are full tones. (If the distance between two tones is equal to two semitones, it is called a whole tone, such as1-2; 2-3 and so on. )

The so-called equivalent sound is the sound with the same pitch but different meaning and notation.

I won't say much about the issue of equal tones here, but please remember that in music, except for #5 and b6, there is only one equal tone to each other, and every other basic level and change level has two equal tones. For example, "at most 1 can also go down to 2, or at most 7" and so on, so I won't go into details here.