According to Qian Baoyu's research, Zhang Qiujian, a native of Qinghe (now Linqing, Shandong Province) in the Northern Wei Dynasty, was written in 466-485 AD. The application of the least common multiple, the mutual summation of arithmetic progression elements and "Hundred Chicken Skills" are his main achievements. "Hundred Chickens Skill" is a world-famous indefinite equation problem. /kloc-Fibonacci calculation in Italy in the 3rd century, and/kloc-Alkasi in Arabia in the 5th century < < The Key to Arithmetic > and other works all have the same problems.
Jia Xian: Nine Chapters of the Yellow Emperor Calculate Fine Grass. "
China's classical mathematicians reached their peak in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and the prelude of this development was the discovery of "Jiaxian Triangle" (binomial expansion coefficient table) and the establishment of higher-order open method ("increase, multiply and open method") closely related to it. Jia Xian, a native of Northern Song Dynasty, completed Nine Chapters of Fine Grass in Huangdi Neijing about 1050. The original book was lost, but the main contents were copied by Yang Hui's works (about13rd century), which can be handed down from generation to generation. Yang Hui's Detailed Explanation of Nine Chapters' Algorithms (126 1) has a diagram of the original prescription learning, which shows that "Jia Xian used this technique". This is the famous "Jiaxian Triangle", or "Yang Hui Triangle". At the same time, it records Jia Xian's "method of increasing, multiplying and opening" to the root of higher order.
Jiaxian Triangle is called Pascal Triangle in western literature and was rediscovered by French mathematician B Pascal in 1654.
Qin: Counting Books and Nine Chapters.
Qin (about 1202 ~ 126 1), a native of Anyue, Sichuan, once served as an official in Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places, and was exiled to Meizhou (now Meixian County, Guangdong Province) around 126 1, and soon died. Qin, Yang Hui and Zhu Shijie are also called the four great mathematicians in Song and Yuan Dynasties. In his early years, he studied mathematics in seclusion in Hangzhou, and wrote the famous Shu Shu Jiu Zhang in 1247. The book "Shu Shu Jiu Zhang" 18, 8 1 title, is divided into nine categories (Wild Goose, Shi Tian, Tianjing, Prospecting, Foraging, Qian Gu, Architecture, Military Service, Market Changes). Its most important mathematical achievements —— "Dayan summation method" (one-time congruence group solution) and "positive and negative leveling method" (numerical solution of higher-order equations) made this Song Dynasty arithmetic classic occupy a prominent position in the history of medieval mathematics.
Ye Li: Circular Sea Mirror-Kaiyuan Art
With the development of numerical solution technology of higher-order equations, the sequential equation method came into being, which is called "Kaiyuan technique". Among the mathematical works handed down from Song Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, Ye Li's "Measuring the Round Sea Mirror" is the first work that systematically expounds Kaiyuan.
Ye Li (1 192 ~ 1279), formerly known as Li Zhi, was born in Luancheng, Jin Dynasty. He used to be the governor of Zhou Jun (now Yuxian County, Henan Province). Zhou Jun was destroyed by the Mongolian army in 1232, so he studied in seclusion. He was hired by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu as a bachelor of Hanlin for only one year. 1248 was written into "Circle Survey Mirror", the main purpose of which was to explain the method of establishing equations by using Kaiyuan. "Kai Yuan Shu" is similar to the column equation method in modern algebra. "Let Tianyuan be so-and-so" is equivalent to "Let X be so-and-so", which can be said to be an attempt of symbolic algebra. Ye Li also has another mathematical work Yi Gu Yan Duan (1259), which also explains Kaiyuan.
Zhu Shijie: Four Yuan Jade Sword
Zhu Shijie (about 1300) was born in Songting, Han Qing, and lived in Yanshan (now near Beijing). He "traveled around the lake and sea for more than twenty years as a famous mathematician" and "gathered scholars by following the door". Zhu Shijie's representative works in mathematics include "Arithmetic Enlightenment" (1299) and "Meeting with the Source" (1303). "Arithmetic Enlightenment" is a well-known mathematical masterpiece, which spread overseas and influenced the development of mathematics in Korea and Japan. "Thinking of the source meets" is another symbol of the peak of China's mathematics in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, among which the most outstanding mathematical creations are "thinking of the source" (the formulation and elimination of multivariate higher-order equations), "overlapping method" (the summation of higher-order arithmetic progression) and "seeking difference method" (the high-order interpolation method).
Hua
"Mathematics, like music, is famous for its geniuses. These geniuses are smart even without formal education. Although Hua modestly avoids using the word "wizard", it appropriately describes the outstanding China mathematician-G B Kolata.
Hua is a legend and a self-taught mathematician.
He was born in Jintan County, Jiangsu Province,19101012. 1June, 985 102, Hua, a superstar in China's mathematics field, died of myocardial infarction while giving lectures in Japan.
Hua is a famous mathematician at home and abroad. He is the founder and pioneer of China's research on analytic number theory, canonical group, matrix geometry, automorphism, multiple complex functions and so on. His famous academic paper "On Functions of Multiple Complex Variables in Typical Fields" has done pioneering work in the field of mathematics because it has applied methods that have never been used before, and won the first prize of 1957 China Science. His research results were named "Fahrenheit Theorem" and "Brouwer-Gadang-Hua Theorem" by the international mathematical community. Hua worked tirelessly all his life, struggled ceaselessly, wrote books, set forth opinions and covered a wide range. He has published about 200 academic papers, including Heap Prime Theory, Introduction to Advanced Mathematics, Estimation of Exponential Sum and Its Application in Number Theory, Typical Groups, Analysis of Typical Fields in the Theory of Functions of Multiple Complex Variables, Introduction to Number Theory, Numerical Integral and Its Application, Starting from the Unit Circle and Optimization Method.