What concentration is that? Simply put, it is the curiosity of children's psychological activities about external things, or how long curiosity can be concentrated.
Good concentration is the basis for children to learn knowledge and skills. 0~3 years old is the key period of concentration training, 4~6 years old is the key period of concentration training, and over 7 years old is the adjustment period of concentration development. Every child has different characteristics.
First, the classification of attention: divided into intentional attention and unintentional attention.
Unintentional attention, also known as careless attention, means that there is neither a predetermined goal nor the will to work hard.
For example, when a child is eating, someone suddenly shouts outside the window, and the child will involuntarily turn to look. This is unintentional attention. Inadvertent attention is passive and a response to environmental changes. Most children before the age of 6 are unintentional. However, unintentional attention also has a problem of duration.
1~2-year-old children focus for about 5~ 10 minutes. Children around the age of three are about 15~20 minutes. Don't label them as "poor concentration" easily.
Intentional attention refers to having a predetermined goal, which requires a certain will to work hard and is a proactive form.
For example, when a child is listening to a class, suddenly a song comes from outside. At first, the child will not care about this song, but in order to continue the class, he will take the initiative to shift his attention to the classroom.
When children go to school, that is, after the age of 6, they basically need intentional attention, but after the age of 6, or even after junior high school, they will pay attention to their children and their development, that is to say, it is better to make up for it.
Is the training of concentration meaningful? Yes, but training in critical periods is more effective.
Second, concentration is closely related to the five senses, which refer to sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.
The living environment will play an auxiliary and helpful role in the development of the five senses, and another part of the living environment will set obstacles for children, resulting in insufficient and unbalanced development of the five senses.
These five senses all have influence on concentration, the most obvious ones are auditory perception and visual perception, because children mainly use hearing in class. Reading and writing mainly use vision. Understanding is related to touch, and memory is related to five senses, audio-visual, smell and touch.
What we mainly understand today is the formation and development of concentration, and what aspects should be paid attention to in family life, that is, counseling parents.
Three, the two functions of attention:
1, select the function.
Pay attention to enable psychological activities to choose meaningful information that meets individual needs and is consistent with current activities, and at the same time exclude some stimuli that have nothing to do with or even interfere with current activities, so as to ensure that useful information is clearer. Attention is like the door of the soul, letting the sun shine in and keeping the sand out.
2. The concentration also has the function of supervision and regulation.
Because attention can distinguish the information related to current activities from complex internal and external stimuli, people can perceive the external situation in time and reflect the changes of their own state, so as to adjust their psychology and behavior and conform to current activities.
Some students have poor grades, not because of low intelligence, but because of poor attention quality, so they can't supervise and adjust their psychological state well. This is like a runaway wild horse, far away from the activities that should be carried out. It can be seen that attention is a necessary condition for the smooth progress of activities.
But in life, many children do not respond to new stimuli or are too easily disturbed.
For example, you can't make eye contact with others, you can't play games with your parents or others, and you don't even respond to other people's shouts. These are all issues that need attention. If not corrected in time, it will affect children's academic performance and interpersonal relationships.
Children with attention deficit are sometimes considered as autistic. All children with attention deficit should be traced back to the process of being raised before the age of three.
Some children don't get into the habit of watching people talk. They often miss a little. When they grow up, they may pay attention to the teacher's clothes in class. This is because when they were young, their mothers didn't have the habit of looking at each other when talking to their children.
When he was a child, he would hold his mother's head in his hand and say, Mom, look what I did. ...
At this time, the mother should put down her work and watch the child communicate with him, or watch the child tell his mother what she is doing and watch it later.
Communication without eye contact is not only a matter of respect, but also a sign of insecurity. If you have the opportunity to share the three elements of effective communication with everyone, stop watching and listening.
From the birth of the child, when communicating with the child, we should look at him with our eyes and give the child a positive response. Security is also a big topic, which will be discussed later.
Fourth, develop attention.
Before the age of three, the baby's attention developed rapidly, but many parents didn't understand it.
0 to 3 months, children like to look at people's faces and moving objects. Adults should interact with children more, and don't treat children as objects that don't know anything.
From 3 to 6 months, children like to see more meaningful objects, such as mother's face, favorite food and brightly colored toys. During this period, you need to have a stable caregiver to accompany you more and feel the daily items that are readily available around you.
7~ 12 months, attention is mainly reflected in grasping things, grasping, grasping firmly, operating and moving. At this time, under the premise of safety, it is best to provide more hand-explored items, which can be made of various materials, such as bottles, used cosmetics bottles, mineral water bottles, or playing in nature.
From now on, don't give children too many toys, just play with one toy at a time, and put away all the others.
Shall we give the children a big box of toys at a time? Think about our purpose, is to calm the children down and let us do some housework?
1~3 years old, children's intentional attention is gradually formed, and they are more active in exploring the world and have their own personal will. At this time, we should respect children's wishes, give them more opportunities and time to explore the environment, and don't stop to disturb them.
In addition, at this stage, children's attention is mainly focused on the use of language, so we must communicate with children. Dialogue is the best way. Ask your child why. Reading with children and showing them the outside world can simply and effectively promote the development of children's attention. ?
Generally speaking, the attention of children aged 0-3 is mostly passive, which is mostly caused by the characteristics of the stimulus itself. The development of attention lacks purpose, showing instability and non-distribution. Therefore, parents should pay special attention to the following matters:
1. When a child is doing something, it is easy to be disturbed by irrelevant things, so that the original task cannot be completed. At this time, parents should never blame their children, but only provide them with a simpler exploration environment.
2, children's attention retention time is short, different age groups, children's attention retention time, the normal range is ~
1~2-year-old babies, about 5 minutes, 2-3-year-old babies can last about 10 minutes, and children over three years old can basically last about 15 minutes.
At this time, children basically can't see the connection behind things and some hidden details, but only notice the obvious surface outline of things, so when they are looking for something, things are under their noses, but they can't see them. At this time, parents must not mistakenly think that their children have bad eyes, or criticize and belittle their children.
4. It is impossible for a baby under the age of three to pay attention to many things at the same time. For example, the baby is building blocks, and the mother tells the baby to eat, and the baby may not respond. Parents should not mistakenly think that children are deliberately against adults, and the baby may not really hear them.
Therefore, when communicating with children, you must go to him, squat down, look at him with your eyes, keep a level with him and look at him patiently. When the baby realizes that there is someone around him, he will look up at the adults and then communicate with the children.
Characteristics of attention development of children aged 3~6;
They began to pursue perfection, paid great attention to others' evaluation of themselves, and began to have their own evaluation standards. They are very sensitive to the changes of people and environment around them, so they should take their children out for a walk, go out and feel the bigger world, and integrate into larger crowds and groups, so that children will have more gains.
At the age of three, the first thing to do is to enter kindergarten and start a rhythmic and regular life. This will promote the development of children's attention, because after entering the park, children's lives will emphasize more rules, discipline and time concepts.
This requires children to have the ability to adjust and control their own psychology and behavior. Listen carefully in class, remember the content of class, and be able to answer and recall, and complete the assigned tasks according to the teacher's requirements.
Joy entered the park at the age of 4. In the family, there is no way to provide children with a collective concept, and children can't train their anti-interference ability.
In the family, what parents need to do is to further provide a diversified exploration environment, cultivate children's observation and judgment, and let children discover, discover and form their own views on things and people around them.
Specific ways to accompany children:
It is usually necessary to arrange some conscious activities that require children to have willpower and work hard to complete. Such as: painting, playing chess, coloring (pay attention to drawing a complete picture or plaster work), origami (follow your parents step by step until you get a complete work).
In these activities, what parents should do, guide and support must not replace or criticize children and force them.
The big principle is to let children complete tasks through hard work, give positive responses, make children feel a sense of accomplishment, and let children experience that their efforts are effective and can bring happiness to themselves, so that their attention time will be longer and longer.
When my son is over two years old, I want to pinch some small dolls for him and cultivate his practical ability. But the ultra-light clay can't be squeezed out in his hands, so I'm anxious to let him know how to pinch it round and square. The pleasure of pleasure lies in mixing all kinds of mud into a dirty, unsmiling and crooked thing.
Because of my constant guidance, he was unwilling to do it for a long time. No matter what he does, he will say, "mom, mom." If your child is afraid to try, you must check whether you have over-directed behavior.
Finally, it is very important that parents should set a good example for their children. An impatient parent cannot raise a child with high concentration. Education is just an example.
After the age of 6, it is called school age, and attention is the most frequently asked topic by parents in primary school. In fact, at this time, the child's attention problem does not suddenly appear, but the task and pressure of learning, which makes the attention problem stand out.
Primary school students can't sit still in class, and they are always distracted. Basically, they will be labeled as inattentive. Is that so? Refer to the following points.
1, in the lower grades of primary school, it is normal to keep attention at 15~20 minutes, and it is about half an hour in the upper grades. Every child will have individual differences and it is normal within this range. Parents should not be anxious, and don't ask their children by adult standards.
2. For children whose concentration is too short, parents should consider the parenting style of their children before they are three years old. Parents may be impatient, easy to urge their children, ask their parents, or take care of them too much, and they will tend to disturb and interrupt their children.
This will cause children's attention time to be short, so parents should be brave in introspection and start to change their parenting style.
For example, focus on cultivating children's habit of focusing on homework, rather than correcting their mistakes in practice. Pay attention to the fun of children's learning process, rather than making many high demands. It is impossible for parents to play games with their mobile phones and let their children do their homework with peace of mind.
If you find that your child is procrastinating in doing homework, doesn't like going to school, doesn't concentrate in class, and has poor academic performance, you must find out if your child has encountered any difficulties. For example, I don't know how to manage my time, and the teacher can't understand what he says in class. At this time, parents and children need to communicate well and give targeted support.
In addition, if a child doesn't do his homework well, he should know whether he has a preference for a certain subject or likes and dislikes teachers in a certain subject.
At this time, what parents should do is to help their children collect more interesting materials about the subject, make them interested in the subject by playing games, or guide them to discover the advantages and highlights of teachers. It is very important to cultivate study habits in primary school.
Paying attention to children's emotions and inner world, many children are not focused, just worried. Many parents pay attention to their children's learning, but they lack attention and companionship to their children as a whole. Worry is nothing more than the lack of learning methods, which requires parents' guidance and attention, resulting in a psychological gap compared with classmates.
I met some difficulties, but I don't know how to say it. Therefore, parents should pay more attention to their children's emotional changes, have more heart-to-heart talks with their children and give them emotional support, which is very valuable for their children.
We should trust our children and believe that they are powerful.
You have to trust a three-month-old child to know what is full.
I believe that a one-year-old child will know what danger is.
I believe that two-year-olds will express their needs.
Three-year-olds can tell complete stories,
Four-year-old children can take care of themselves and do housework such as washing dishes and sweeping the floor.
For example, believe your child, if you open your mouth to give him junk food, he will eat very limited, while children who are always restricted will eat junk food without restraint, because they need your love, not popsicles and spicy strips.
You are always nagging. In fact, what you pass on to your child is distrust. You don't believe that he can manage himself and do his own thing well.
Finally, I would like to remind you that sweets can also distract children. Sugar will hurt the kidney, and the kidney will dominate the bone, and the kidney deficiency will grow slowly. Electronic products must be watched less, not more than half an hour a week, which can't even watch an episode of cartoons.
That's why I attach so much importance to concentrated courses. The pleasure of my family can hardly control the matter of watching mobile phones. If you play with children, you can cultivate concentration. We'll do something before it's too late, while the children are obedient.
Having said so much today, what I want to say is that concentration can be cultivated, but it is mainly influenced by family. The environment, attitude, words and deeds created by parents have a great influence on children. Therefore, it is 65,438+000% for parents to learn to understand their children. Children love their parents, and parents often have the conditions to love their children.
There is a formula circulating in kindergarten, which often says 5+2=0. In kindergarten, the mentality of five-day rules has just been adjusted, and it has returned to its original state at home for two days on weekends.
I study the whole brain concentration course to make my family happy. I believe that parents also have this mentality. Children can not succeed or get married in the future, but they must be happy. However, when it comes to homework and piano reading, parents forget their original intention.
A large number of parents are constrained from childhood and are constrained by plants or leaders when they grow up. When they have children, they finally have something to listen to me. In fact, it is a vicious circle, the part about spiritual growth, the part about efficient communication and the part about sensory integration. We'll talk about it later.
The growth of children is a series, and no episode can be left behind. Let's work together and grow together. Parents should study hard and their children will make progress every day.
Next class, we can ask questions. The criteria for asking questions are
1, the age and sex of the child, which child ranks first in the family?
2. Who do you mainly rely on? Is there any separation between mother and baby for more than one week before the age of three, such as weaning?
3. What problems have you encountered about concentration, and what specific examples make parents anxious?