Mathematical concepts are the basis of mathematical knowledge. Concept teaching plays an important role in the whole mathematics teaching. In the three-year experimental research, the author made some explorations from three aspects: teaching objectives, teaching principles and teaching methods of concept creation teaching. This paper briefly discusses the teaching principles, teaching methods and teaching objectives of innovative teaching that should be followed in conceptual innovation teaching.

Creative teaching of mathematical concepts in primary schools refers to the teaching activities carried out by teachers in combination with the mathematical concepts to be taught, following the principles of creative teaching and using creative teaching methods, in order to stimulate students' creative motivation, give play to their creative potential and cultivate their creative thinking ability. Let's talk about our own views and practice on the teaching objectives, teaching principles and teaching methods of creative teaching of mathematical concepts in primary schools.

First, the primary school mathematics concept creative teaching objectives

Teaching goal is the goal of teaching work and the foundation of teaching. To carry out creative teaching of mathematical concepts in primary schools, we must first complete general teaching objectives, such as making students understand concepts correctly, mastering concepts firmly, using concepts correctly and other teaching objectives related to basic knowledge and skills. Accomplishing these basic teaching objectives is the first prerequisite to realize creative teaching. On this basis, we should accomplish the following teaching objectives:

1. Cultivate students' discovery ability

The basic goal of concept teaching is to help students form concepts, and the key for students to form concepts is to discover the essential attributes or laws of things or shapes. Discovery is an important form of creation. Bruner, a famous modern psychologist, said: "Discovery is not limited to the behavior of seeking things that human beings have not yet known. Correctly speaking, discovery includes all forms of acquiring knowledge with your own mind. " It can be seen that it is also a discovery that primary school students use their brains to acquire knowledge in person. Therefore, in mathematics teaching, teachers should strive to create conditions, provide students with opportunities for independent exploration, give students sufficient thinking space, let students understand the formation and development process of mathematical concepts in the process of observation, experiment, induction and analysis, rediscover and recreate mathematics, and cultivate students' discovery ability.

2. Cultivate students' innovative spirit

Innovative spirit is the soul and motive force of creative development. Cultivating students' innovative spirit is the most important and effective measure to develop students' creativity. To what extent a person's creativity can develop and whether he can make creative contributions to society depends largely on whether he has the spirit of innovation. If a person doesn't want to create, even if his intelligence level is higher and his creativity is higher, everything is equal to zero; And if he has the noble character of being willing to devote himself to science and human progress, it will provide great spiritual motivation for his creative development, and he may make creative contributions to society. Therefore, in the creative teaching of mathematical concepts, we should pay special attention to the cultivation of students' innovative spirit. For example, multimedia teaching can be used to make students interested in new concepts and knowledge, and stimulate students' thirst for knowledge and curiosity; Through effective encouragement, students are encouraged to question and ask difficult questions boldly, to associate and guess boldly, and to cultivate students' challenging and adventurous spirit; Through ideological education, students can establish the lofty ideal of contributing to social progress and cultivate their excellent qualities of loving the motherland and the people.

3. Cultivate students' practical ability

Creation is a practical activity. Practice provides requirements for creation, the possibility of success for creation, and the test standard for testing whether creation is successful, so it can be said that practice is the foundation and source of creation. Only by actively participating in practice can we discover new problems, put forward new ideas, new viewpoints and new methods, and grasp the opportunity of creation, can we succeed in creation and improve our creative ability. Similarly, the improvement of creativity will prompt a person to put new ideas and new ideas into practice, form a habit of practice in creative activities, and further improve creative ability. It can be seen that cultivating students' practical ability plays a vital role in improving students' creativity. This requires that in the teaching process, teachers must seize every opportunity to cultivate students' practical ability, so as to achieve the purpose of improving students' creativity. For example, students can be guided to explore new mathematical knowledge from existing knowledge; Students can discover new concepts through practical operation; Students can use the mathematical concepts they have learned to solve practical problems in daily life.

The above teaching objectives are not isolated, but interrelated, complementary and inseparable. Basic knowledge and skills are the foundation of creative teaching, and the goal of creative teaching is the result of the development of double-base goals. Therefore, in the creative teaching of concepts, we should not only determine the goal of "double basics", but also determine the goal of cultivating creativity, so that middle schools can lay the foundation for creation, consolidate the foundation in learning and creation, and improve creativity.

Second, the teaching principles of creative teaching of mathematical concepts in primary schools

Teaching principles are the basic requirements that must be followed in teaching work. The creative teaching of concepts should first follow the basic teaching principles, such as the principle of unity of science and ideology, the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, and the principle of combining imparting knowledge with developing intelligence. This is because they are the general principles to guide teachers to carry out effective teaching work and improve teaching quality. Secondly, we should follow the following teaching principles:

1. Subjectivity principle

The principle of subjectivity is to respect students' subjective status, give full play to teachers' leading role, and give full play to the subjective spirit and role of teachers and students in the process of creative teaching. Teachers teach creatively and students learn creatively, so that the subjects of teaching and learning can participate in the whole teaching process. Teaching is the activity of teachers and students. From the aspects of knowledge level, students' ideological and moral education, students' mastery of psychological characteristics and the application of teaching rules, teachers are the main body of teaching. From the point of view that teaching is to realize the transformation of students' knowledge, ability and ideological morality, students are the main body of learning. Without students' active perception and thinking in teaching, students' understanding cannot be realized only by teachers' indoctrination; If only students actively perceive and think, without the guidance of teachers, students' understanding cannot be realized. Therefore, creative teaching must follow the principle of subjectivity, because this is the premise of realizing creative teaching. When implementing the principle of subjectivity, we should pay attention to: teachers should try their best to control their own activities and provide students with opportunities, time and space for independent activities as much as possible; Students should be encouraged to participate actively and stimulate their initiative and enthusiasm for creative learning; Respecting students' personality, arousing students' subjective consciousness and strengthening students' independent spirit are the real masters of learning and the potential creativity of students can be developed.

2. Exploration principle

The exploratory principle means that teachers should strive to make teaching activities exploratory, create a learning environment for students to observe, explore and discover, encourage students to question and ask difficult questions, boldly associate, stimulate students' interest in learning and creativity, guide students to acquire new knowledge through personal experience, turn the teaching process into a process of students consciously exploring new knowledge, and let students actively experience the fun of exploration in learning. The exploratory principle is determined by the fundamental purpose of innovative education to cultivate innovative talents. This is because the traditional teaching activities focus on teaching, and let students "possess" the existing knowledge and experience of human beings in the way of "telling", which makes students in a passive position, can only form dependence and passivity on teaching and communication, and cannot experience the process of exploration and discovery, and has no chance to be whimsical and imaginative, thus obliterating the potential ability of students to actively explore and actively think in the process of seeking knowledge. However, children have their own creative potential and need to go through the process of bold doubt, multiple imagination, exploration and discovery, independent analysis and problem solving, in order to transform their creative potential into realistic creative ability. To carry out the principle of inquiry, we should pay attention to: teachers should carefully design questions and guide students to observe, experiment, discuss and discover; Give students enough time to think and pay attention to their thinking process; Students should be encouraged to boldly associate and guess and develop their intuitive thinking.

3. Practical principles

The principle of practice is to attach importance to integrating theory with practice in teaching, give examples to teach, encourage students to speak, use their brains and practice, and let students participate in the formation of mathematical concepts; It is necessary to organize effective exercises to guide students to use what they have learned to solve practical problems, so that students can acquire the ability to use knowledge. The principle of practicality is determined by the purpose of creative teaching. Creative teaching is to cultivate students' creativity, which is inseparable from practical activities. Creativity can be expressed and developed in practical activities. Only by actively participating in practice can we improve our creativity. To carry out practical principles, we should pay attention to: in teaching, we should combine the mathematical concepts taught with students' life and social reality, guide students to understand and master concepts in connection with practice, and guide students to use what they have learned to solve practical problems; In the teaching process, we should try our best to provide students with practical opportunities and encourage them to observe, think, question, imagine and start work; Pay special attention to what students can think, say and do. Teachers can never replace them.

4. Incentive principle

Incentive principle is to help students succeed, so that students can often feel the joy and pleasure of success in their study and work, and realize their own value, thus stimulating students' thirst for knowledge and sense of accomplishment, thus cultivating students' self-esteem and self-confidence, enhancing students' creative motivation and enthusiasm, and enabling students to constantly pursue new knowledge, be proactive and be brave in innovation. Success is one of people's basic needs. For primary school students, success is very important for them to establish self-confidence. Psychological experiments show that "as long as a person experiences the joy of success once, he will arouse the desire to pursue success many times." Encouraging students and helping them experience success in teaching can help them form a positive and enterprising attitude, stimulate their creative enthusiasm, strengthen their innovative will, and then form a stable creative motivation. This is also the reason why we should follow the incentive principle in the creative teaching of concepts. Attention should be paid to the implementation of the incentive principle: teachers should actively seek students' success and progress, find their bright spots and give them encouragement in time; Take a tolerant attitude towards students' shortcomings and don't criticize them too much; We should tolerate students' naive or immature ideas, respect and stimulate students' innovative spirit; We should create opportunities so that students can often experience success and realize their creative potential.

The above teaching principles are a closely linked and unified whole. In the process of creative teaching, we must deeply understand the inherent meaning of these teaching principles, combine the characteristics of students and teaching materials, cooperate with each other, and give full play to the overall role of these principles.