Unit teaching material analysis:
Sorting and reviewing is an important part of mathematics teaching, especially after students have learned all the contents of primary school mathematics, it is very necessary to conduct a systematic and comprehensive review and sorting. Through sorting and reviewing, we can sort out the original scattered learning knowledge, string the knowledge points of mathematics into knowledge lines, and form a knowledge network, thus helping students to improve the mathematical cognitive structure in their minds, further communicate the links between knowledge, consolidate basic knowledge and skills, deeply understand the basic ideas of mathematics, and further accumulate basic activity experience in the exploration process. At the same time, it is also very beneficial to improve students' comprehensive ability to analyze and solve problems, establish model ideas and cultivate application consciousness and innovation consciousness. In this unit, the contents of four fields, number and algebra, graphics and geometry, statistics and probability, comprehensive practice and mathematical thinking, are compiled into five sections respectively. The first section is the content in the field of number and algebra, which mainly includes the understanding of logarithm, the operation of number, formulas and equations, ratio and proportion. There are no separate topics for "common quantities" and "exploring laws", so review them in related exercises.
The second section is the content of the field of graphics and geometry, which mainly includes three parts: the understanding and measurement of graphics, the movement of graphics, and the position of graphics. The third section is the content of statistics and probability. The textbook reviews the "statistical process of simple data", closely combines students' real life and specific situations, and cultivates students' concept of data analysis. The fourth section is mathematical thinking, with perceptual reasoning, deductive reasoning and other contents as the carrier, so that students can experience the process of discovering and applying laws, feel simple mathematical proofs, and understand and master basic mathematical ideas and methods. In the fifth section, according to the learning requirements in the field of "synthesis and practice", four comprehensive application activities are designed, which are closely related to students' real life and have distinct themes, such as green tour, five-day tour in Beijing, mathematical problems in stamps and interest balance, to help students accumulate experience in mathematics activities and cultivate their application consciousness and innovation ability.
Teaching objectives:
1. Make students systematically review and sort out the basic knowledge of numbers and algebra learned in primary schools in specific situations, further understand the application of the four operations in real life, and appreciate the role of estimation. They can skillfully perform four operations of integers, decimals and fractions, and can estimate integers, decimals, subtraction, multiplication and division. They can use the simple algorithm they have learned, which is reasonable. Be able to solve the learned equations; Understanding the relevant meaning of ratio and proportion will judge the relationship between the two related quantities and solve practical problems with the relevant knowledge of proportion; Get into the habit of checking. In the process of solving practical problems, we will go through the inquiry process of relevant knowledge again, develop the sense of numbers and symbols, and improve our computing ability and application consciousness.
2. Enable students to consolidate the appearance of commonly used units of measurement, master the progress between the units they have studied, experience the practical significance of these quantities and their units, and simply rewrite them.
3. Make students master the characteristics of the geometric shapes they have learned; Skillfully calculate the perimeter, area and volume of some geometric shapes and apply them; Consolidate simple drawing and measuring skills; Consolidating the understanding of axisymmetric graphics will draw the symmetry axis of a graphic and consolidate the basic methods of graphic movement; Can determine the position of objects according to ordered pairs or directions and distances, master and apply the knowledge about proportion, and cultivate students' geometric intuition and spatial concepts.
4. Make students master the preliminary statistical knowledge they have learned, experience the process of data collection, collation and analysis, master the basic steps and methods, understand and draw simple statistical charts, choose appropriate statistical charts according to the characteristics of data, and make simple judgments and predictions according to the data, which can solve some practical problems in calculating the average and cultivate students' concept of data analysis.
5. Make students further feel the relationship between mathematical knowledge and understand the role of mathematics; Mastering common quantitative relations and problem-solving thinking methods can help us discover and improve mathematical problems, flexibly use what we have learned to analyze and solve some simple practical problems in life, experience and master basic mathematical ideas, accumulate basic activity experience, and improve our sense of application and innovation.
6. To enable students to further improve their ability to solve practical problems by comprehensively applying their mathematical knowledge and develop their practical ability in the activities of "synthesis and practice".
Review points:
1 sort out and recall what you have learned.
2. Rebuild what you have learned.
3. Understand the relationship between what you have learned.
Review difficulties:
1. Rebuild what you have learned.
2. Re-understanding and comprehensive application of knowledge.
Course arrangement: 26 class hours