Listening carefully in class is the premise of acquiring knowledge, cultivating ability and developing intelligence. As far as the lower grades are concerned, the cultivation of the habit of listening attentively depends on teachers consciously taking various measures to make the teaching content vivid, the teaching methods flexible and diverse, and the classroom lively, thus stimulating students' interest in learning and their thirst for knowledge. In the teaching process, we should pay attention to the combination of students' intentional attention and unintentional attention, constantly shift the children's excitement center, and let the children focus on the objects they should pay attention to in a certain period of time in order to strive for the best teaching effect. Over time, students will form a good habit of paying attention to lectures. The specific contents of training students to listen attentively are as follows: ① Listen carefully to the teacher's explanation, pay attention to the teacher's demonstration, blackboard writing, expression and action, and think carefully about the questions raised by the teacher and the contents of the explanation. Pay attention to students' speeches, express their opinions boldly and actively participate in classroom discussion activities. ③ Seriously complete the tasks assigned by the teacher, such as demonstration, reading and homework. Correct the bad habits of inattention, playfulness and doing things unrelated to the classroom.
2. Be good at seeking differences and questioning difficult habits.
Cultivating students' habit of thinking independently and being good at asking questions plays an important role in developing students' creative thinking and further study in the future. Pupils are curious and curious. This curious enthusiasm must be well protected and developed. Einstein said, "It is more important to ask a question than to solve it".
Encourage and praise those students who dare to find problems, especially those who put forward different opinions; In addition, students' divergent thinking is cultivated through the practice of "changing one question", "solving many questions" and compiling questions, so that students can independently and creatively use existing knowledge, learn new knowledge and solve new problems, thus cultivating their creative thinking ability. After long-term training, students can form good thinking habits. The specific contents of cultivating students' habit of seeking differences, questioning and asking difficult questions are as follows: ① Thinking independently, looking for answers from books, demonstrating or analyzing their own mistakes, not afraid of difficulties, and thinking positively. (2) Dare to ask your own questions and get to the bottom of it, dare to put forward different opinions and fully express your different opinions. ③ When solving problems, discussing or studying problems, we can break through the shackles of rules and regulations, think about problems from different angles and find creative solutions. Correct children's bad habits of being lazy to think, relying on teachers, parents, classmates or simply relying on memory, imitation and copying.
3. Cultivating students' habit of reading textbooks carefully is the main way for students to acquire knowledge.
Cultivating students' habit of reading mathematics textbooks carefully is the beginning of cultivating students' self-study ability, as Ye Shengtao said: "Teaching is for not teaching." In order to cultivate students' self-study ability and concentrate, freshmen can adopt the method of speaking first and then reading.
The teacher enlarged the illustrations in the book, opened the book after speaking, and looked at what the topic was just talked about, what the illustrations were drawn, how to write the formula and so on. Let them see that all the interesting teaching AIDS and useful knowledge used in these classes come from textbooks. So I like textbooks. When students have initially formed the classroom routine and have certain self-control ability, they can use the method of talking and guiding students to read by themselves, that is, reading step by step from top to bottom according to the examples in the book. Look at what is said in the question first, and then look at what the illustrations in the book mean. Then see how it is calculated and how the marginal notes are written. Finally, let the students say what it means and what they think in their own words. Inspire students to tell the reason. Tell me more, teacher. Then read the book with questions, discuss in groups, and inspire students to summarize themselves. Finally, read the book first, and then ask questions you don't understand. These methods should be gradual and lasting. Let junior children read books by themselves, not just letting go, but under the guidance of teachers; Stimulate students' interest in reading, teach students reading methods, cultivate students' reading habits and cultivate students' self-study ability. At the same time, it is necessary to correct students' bad habits of not reading textbooks and browsing.
4. Strict and meticulous habits.
Teaching is scientific and reasonable, and there is no room for carelessness.
In mathematics teaching and students' homework, we should pay attention to cultivating students' serious, meticulous and responsible attitude, the habit of writing neatly and in a standardized format, and the habit of actively picking and correcting mistakes. This is of great benefit to the formation of students' excellent quality and their future study and life. Neat writing and standard format are important factors to improve the accuracy of mathematical calculation, and can also cultivate students' serious and responsible learning attitude. Therefore, when writing in math class, in addition to the same rules as in Chinese class, such as writing posture, writing method, stroke order rules and font ratio, we should also put forward format requirements, such as horizontal writing, vertical writing and recursive writing; Where is the answer written; How to write elementary arithmetic, copywriting questions, application questions, etc. What kind of questions to use in large format should cultivate students' good habit of standardizing writing format. On the other hand, the homework is not specific and scribbled, which will cause mistakes that should not be made in the homework. At the same time, it is necessary to correct students' habit of scribbling and careless homework.
5. The habit of finishing homework independently on time.
Completing homework independently on time is the main way to examine students' learning attitude, study habits and cultivate students' independent thinking ability. Students' homework not only reflects students' knowledge and skill level and teaching effect, but also reflects students' learning attitude and habits, showing the results of education. If students do their homework at an early age, they will form a bad habit of carelessness and perfunctory, and it will be difficult to be meticulous, orderly and serious in their future work.
Therefore, we should not only pay attention to whether the knowledge content is correct, but also pay attention to whether the paper is neat and whether it is completed independently on time. The papers are messy and dirty, and the homework is not finished on time, which not only leads to the formation of bad habits, but also inevitably affects the quality of learning. The main requirements for doing homework are: serious attitude, neat handwriting, neat paper, standardized format, independent completion, timely submission, timely correction and complete preservation. At the beginning, it is necessary to unify the format, even the size of words, and put forward specific requirements for which questions are written in which box. In the future, we will gradually reduce the restrictions and gradually transition to students' independent arrangements, which is conducive to cultivating students' good habits and ability to deal with problems independently. At ordinary times, we should be alert to and correct the bad habits of opportunism, copying other people's homework and carelessness. We should pay attention to cultivating students' sense of time and responsibility from childhood, and also cultivate students' perseverance to overcome difficulties and complete tasks.
6. Test habits.
In mathematics teaching, it is an important means to train students to "test" the answered questions. The more methods students can test, the wider their thinking and the more flexible their thinking. While cultivating students' test habits, we should also pay attention to cultivating students' habit of consciously correcting mistakes, establish a sense of responsibility for learning from an early age, correct some rash and irresponsible attitudes that do not distinguish right from wrong, ensure the correct rate of students' answers, and cultivate students' serious and responsible attitude.