The speed of sound is related to the elastic modulus and density of the medium. Elastic modulus is the ratio of deformation resistance per unit volume of materials. The greater the elastic modulus, the greater the interaction force between materials with different deformation degrees, the greater the acceleration and the faster the sound propagation.
For materials with the same elastic modulus, the higher the density, the lower the acceleration between different deformation degrees, which leads to the lower the speed of sound propagation, so the speed of sound propagation is related to both. See the Sonic page for the mathematical form. In the air at 0℃, the sound propagation speed is 331m/s; The propagation speed in water is 1473 m/s; The propagation speed in iron is 5 188 m/s.
The key factor of sound propagation is to have a medium, which refers to all solids, liquids and gases, which is the premise of sound propagation. Therefore, vacuum cannot transmit sound. Physical parameters are related to the distance between the sound source and the observer, the vibration frequency of the sound source and the propagation medium.
Extended data:
characteristic
The frequency range of sound that the human ear can perceive is 20? Hertz to 20 thousand? Hz, in the air under standard conditions, the corresponding wavelength of the above sound waves is from 17? M to 17? Mm. Sometimes the speed of sound and its direction are expressed by velocity vector, and the wave number and its direction are expressed by wave vector.
When the pronunciation is shorter, thinner, tighter and thinner, the tone is higher, the frequency is higher and the wavelength is shorter; The longer, thicker, looser and thicker the pronunciation body, the lower the tone, the smaller the frequency and the longer the wavelength.
Shear waves, also known as shear waves, have polarization in addition to the above properties, which is not listed in the properties of sound waves.