Every math teacher will meet students' mistakes every day, even in every class. Most teachers are worried about students' mistakes, especially when correcting homework, but they are furious and helpless. In classroom teaching, we are puzzled by students' mistakes. So I think it is necessary to discuss "how to deal with mistakes in primary school students' mathematics learning".
First, forgive and understand mistakes
1. Teachers should accept students' mistakes in their studies.
Li Lie, a famous special-grade teacher, said: "Children are immature individuals in the process of seeking knowledge, so mistakes are allowed in the process of learning." From the perspective of development, this is a unique' right' for children. For mathematics, students will make mistakes in the learning process, especially. In primary school, children's thinking is mainly visual, and mathematics is a subject with strong logic and abstraction, which makes it difficult for children to learn mathematics, so it is normal to make mistakes. In addition, mathematics involves a wide range of knowledge, and many concepts come from life and are applied to life. Pupils lack life experience, have no real sense of life, and are prone to make mistakes. Moreover, mathematical problems are hidden, and it is difficult to find problems without certain reasoning and association ability. At the same time, there are many confusing places in mathematical concepts, and students are prone to "arrogance" in application. In addition, there are differences in primary school students' attention, perseverance and learning attitude. Therefore, mistakes in the process of mathematics learning are inevitable, and it is unrealistic to ask students to do it right as soon as they do it. In this sense, making mistakes is the "right" of students, and we have no reason not to accept that students make mistakes in their studies.
Teachers should be kind to students who make mistakes in their studies.
Since mistakes are a sign of students' maturity and a symbol of students' pursuit of truth. As teachers, we should abide by the principle of "people-oriented", tolerate and understand students who make mistakes, respect their personality and protect their self-esteem.
There is a story: a foreign professor teaches foreign students in China. The first thing he did was to record his speech and show it to the students slowly. As a result, the students found dozens of mistakes in the professor's short speech for a few minutes. The professor said, "You see, I still make mistakes so often. What are you afraid of? " The tolerant attitude of professors creates a relaxed learning atmosphere, relieves students' nervousness and fear of difficulties, and eliminates the obstacles of being laughed at for fear of making mistakes. His students are not afraid of making mistakes, and it goes without saying that they are diligent. This professor is really respectable.
Tolerance reveals teachers' love for children and their understanding of children's cognitive ability. This kind of love and understanding can close the distance between teachers and children and enhance feelings. And this harmonious relationship is very important to stimulate children's interest in learning and improve their enthusiasm for learning! Mr. Tao Xingzhi said, "There is Watt under your pointer, Newton in your cold eyes and Edison in your ridicule." Giving students more respect and understanding will gradually show their unique nourishing function in life.
Second, correctly handle mistakes.
Tolerance is by no means connivance. On the one hand, it is a tolerant attitude, on the other hand, it is an unambiguous action-pointing out and correcting it anytime and anywhere. Error correction methods can be face-to-face correction, individual conversation, freezing, suggestion, influence, etc. Strict requirements are indispensable.
(1) Errors in classroom teaching should not be avoided, covered up or dismissed casually. In class, the teacher should try to give the student who answered the wrong question another chance and help him answer it correctly, so as to make it successful.
(2) Errors in homework. You can criticize face to face, write down the reasons for mistakes and strengthen training (judgment).
(3) Instruct students to use estimation to find errors. For example, students calculate the teacher's height1.7cm. Ask the students to estimate the teacher's height and compare it with the calculated results.
(4) Seriously analyze the mistakes made by students. It is necessary to know what kind of mistakes have been made, analyze the causes of the mistakes, and help students correct them in a targeted manner.
(5) Teachers should pay more attention to students who make mistakes in their studies. Teachers should take the process of helping students "find and solve problems" as a process of cultivating students' serious and responsible learning attitude, as a process of cultivating students' self-test ability, as a process of cultivating students' serious and responsible learning attitude and as a process of cultivating students' self-test ability.
(6) Problems that teachers need to check when giving lectures: whether the lectures are clear, whether the guidance is in place, whether the teaching methods conform to the students' cognitive rules, whether the difficulty of the exercises is reasonable, and whether the students really participate. ...
Third, make rational use of mistakes.
As a teacher, we should not only understand and tolerate students' mistakes, but also use the wisdom of pointing out the maze to resolve and point out students' mistakes. We should regard mistakes as educational resources to promote students' emotional development and thinking development, and use them skillfully.
1. Use mistakes and make sense.
For the mistakes made by students in class, teachers should not rush to explain and draw conclusions, but throw them at students, "mistake them", take students' mistakes as an educational resource, guide them to correct them from different angles, give them some time and space to study and debate, and let students analyze and refute, understand and internalize knowledge in the debate.
2. Use mistakes to stimulate interest. For example, the teaching engineering application question: "A section of highway is 30 kilometers long, and it takes 15 days for Team A to repair alone, and 15 days for Team B to repair alone. How many days does it take for both teams to repair together?" First, let students list formulas according to the solution ideas of common application problems, and explain arithmetic. Then induce students: If the distances are 60m, 15m, 45m, 120m, what is the time? Please calculate a question for each group. "The result is all" 6 days ". Why is this? The students had a heated discussion, which aroused great interest.
3. Use mistakes to let students develop in seeking differences.
In the process of continuous exploration and knowledge acquisition, students' thinking methods are different. Students' innovation and seeking differences are inevitably accompanied by mistakes, but the process of students making mistakes is actually the process of constantly correcting mistakes and perfecting methods. Therefore, teachers can't easily deny students' thinking achievements, even some seemingly wrong answers may contain sparks of innovation. Our teachers should make use of this kind of resources, let students find and solve problems independently, and deepen their understanding and mastery of knowledge in the process of error correction.
Fourth, establish a correct "wrong view"
In teaching, teachers should pay attention to creating a classroom that allows students to make mistakes, so that students do not have the worry of being scolded by teachers and the distress of being laughed at by classmates because of wrong answers. Guide students not to be afraid to innovate for fear of making mistakes, but try to avoid making unnecessary low-level mistakes and say goodbye in time; After making mistakes, we should "learn from them" and reflect seriously in time. Let children understand that failure is the mother of success, mistakes are the forerunner of correctness and the ladder of success. Learning advances by constantly appearing and correcting mistakes. If you overcome your mistakes, you will win and succeed!