Many famous mathematicians at all times and all over the world have deeply discussed this problem with their own personal experiences, and think that mathematics is not only closely related to aesthetics, but also full of beautiful factors, and beauty is everywhere. As early as more than two thousand years ago, Pythagoras, an ancient Greek philosopher and mathematician, appreciated the harmonious beauty of integers and the symmetrical beauty of circles and spheres, and thought that the universe was a harmonious number system. Proch Lars, a famous mathematical critic in the 5th century, further asserted that "where there are numbers, there is beauty". Many famous mathematicians in modern times are even more amazed at the beauty in mathematics. Russell, a famous British mathematical logician, pointed out: "Mathematics, if viewed from a normal perspective, not only has truth, but also has supreme beauty, just like the beauty of sculpture, which is a kind of cold and serious beauty." Thomas Hardy, a famous British mathematician, believes that good mathematics cannot find a permanent place in the world. Wiener, an American mathematician and founder of cybernetics, said: Mathematics is an art in essence.

Professor Hua, a famous mathematician in China, said: "As far as mathematics itself is concerned, it is magnificent, colorful and fascinating ... People who think mathematics is boring only see the rigor of mathematics, but they don't realize the inner beauty of mathematics." Mathematician Professor Xu Lizhi pointed out: "The mathematics garden is full of beautiful flowers. It is a splendid flower and fruit garden, which is developed according to the pursuit of beauty. "

Beauty in mathematics is rich and colorful, such as formal symbols, formulas, curves, surfaces, proofs, methods, theories and so on. From the content, mathematical beauty can be divided into structural beauty, linguistic beauty and methodological beauty; As far as form is concerned, mathematical beauty can be divided into external morphological beauty and internal rational beauty. Combining content and form, the beauty of mathematics has two main characteristics: harmony and strangeness.