Knowledge points of "position and direction" in mathematics of grade three.
(1) Know eight directions: east, south, west, north, northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest. 1 Method for determining direction (or agreed direction):
(1) in the morning, the sun rises in the east; ② The place where the sun sets in the evening is the west; 3. The compass points to the north; ④ The direction that the Big Dipper points to is the north; ⑤ In general, the map (or drawing) stipulates that the upward direction is north.
Press "Up North, Down South, Left West, Right East" or "North South, East West"
Draw a "cross" and determine the other seven directions.
Yes: north-south, east-west; The northwest-southeast and northeast-southwest directions are relative.
Method of drawing a simple schematic diagram: firstly, determine the observation point where we stand, draw the selected observation point in the center of the plan, and then determine the direction of each object relative to the observation point. Draw a "cross" on the paper according to "upper north, lower south, left west and right east", and mark the north with the arrow "↑" (unless otherwise specified, it is generally true north).
4 Look at the map. First of all, we must determine our position, take our position as the center, and then follow the principle of "going north and south; The law of "left west and right east" determines the direction of the destination and the surrounding things: who is there and in what direction.
For example, "A is in B's square" means taking B as the observation point, that is, taking B's position as the center, and then drawing a "cross" according to the law of "up north and down south, left west and right east" to determine the direction of A and the direction of surrounding things.
For example, "A's square is" means: take A as the observation point, that is, take A's position as the center, and then draw a "cross" according to the law of "up north, down south, left west, right east" to determine the direction of A.
(2) Look at the simple road map to describe the walking route.
1 Look at the simple road map: first determine your own position, take your own position as the center, and then follow the "north, south; Draw a "cross" according to the law of "left west and right east", determine the direction of the destination and the surrounding things, and finally determine the route to take according to the direction and distance of the destination.
2 Method of describing the walking route: take the starting point as the benchmark, then see which road leads to the destination, and finally describe the walking route (where to go first, then where to go). Sometimes you have to explain how far it is.
Comprehensive topic: give a road map, tell the way out of a place, and work out the time it takes, what speed to drive, or when to arrive, how much the ticket is, etc. According to the information.
Teaching plan of "position and direction" of mathematics in the third grade of primary school
First, teaching content: the first lesson of Unit 1 "Position and Direction" in the third grade of the mathematics textbook published by People's Education Press. Second, the teaching objectives:
1. Through observation and specific practical activities, make students know the four directions of east, south, west and north, and get a preliminary understanding of the directions on the map;
2. Cultivate the consciousness of distinguishing directions, find out the arrangement rules of the four directions, and develop students' spatial concept.
3. Strengthen the connection between mathematics and life, and stimulate students' interest in learning.
Third, the importance and difficulty of teaching:
Key points: be able to identify the southeast and northwest directions, and understand the direction regulations on the map in the actual situation.
Difficulties: Make clear the positional relationship between the four directions of southeast, northwest and northwest, and master the method of identifying one direction first and then other directions.
Fourth, the teaching process
(1) Guess riddles to stimulate interest and introduce guidance.
Riddle: An industrious old man began to work at dawn. I can't see him for a day, either it rains or it blows.
The teacher asked: (1) Can you guess what this is?
In this lesson, we will learn these four new knowledge.
(2) Feel the orientation in actual observation and activities.
1, recognition (courseware)
(1) Teacher's Guide: This is Xiaoming's school plan. Let's help him find the location of the buildings in the school.
Step 2 look for it
(1) Just now we learned about the four directions of southeast, northwest and northwest. Who can tell us where the southeast and northwest are in the classroom?
(2) Let a student point to the direction while talking in the direction order, so that students can feel that the rotation in the southeast, northwest and any direction is the same.
(3) Let students face south, west and north respectively, and think about their own back, left and right directions respectively.
(4) Know the direction of the map.
1, have a look
(1) Students, have you seen the map of China?
(2) The teacher tells
The northernmost part of our country is Heilongjiang. Below the map is "Hainan", which is the southernmost province of China, and Leizhou Peninsula is the southernmost of Chinese mainland. The east of the motherland is the sea and the Pacific Ocean. Students, you must have seen The Journey to the West, the Tang Priest and his disciples, climbing mountains and wading. Where are they going to learn from the scriptures? (Western Heaven). "Western Heaven" is in the west of China. There are majestic snow-capped mountains and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the roof of the world.
Teacher: Now, class, do you know how to determine the location on the map?
(Teacher's Guidance: Up North, Down South, Left West, Right East)
(3) Fill in the blanks: wuyue
(4) Students, please observe the map of Guangdong. Please find out the location of your hometown on the map and tell me where your hometown is. What cities or scenic spots are there in the southeast and northwest of your home?
(5) do it.
Xiaoming is going to the stadium. How can I get there?
(6) Extended learning
What direction can you find from this compass? (eight directions)
(7) Extracurricular activities: Tell me which direction your door faces.
Summary: What did you gain today? Teachers and students jointly evaluate this class.
Reflections on the teaching of mathematics position and direction in the third grade of primary school
This lesson is divided into two parts: the first part is to distinguish the southeast and northwest in real life on the playground, and the second part is to draw a schematic diagram of the school in the classroom. For the third grade students, the concept of southeast and northwest orientation is still abstract, and students need a lot of perceptual support and rich representation accumulation. Therefore, teachers boldly set the place of class on the school playground. According to students' existing knowledge and life experience, through a large number of activities and games on the playground, students can experience directional knowledge and accumulate their own feelings, so that students can have a certain sense of direction and learn to distinguish between east, west, north and south. After the students get the concrete perception, they go to the classroom to try to abstract the concrete scenery into a plan with their own thinking, and know how to go up, down, south, left, west, right and east in the exhibition and communication. Apply what you have learned to solve practical problems, cultivate students' ability to solve problems, broaden their horizons, and let students feel the close connection between mathematics and real life.