Refineries buy two kinds of crude oil (crude oil 1 and crude oil 2), which are processed, fractionated, reformed, cracked and blended to obtain oil and kerosene for sale.

1 fractionation

Fractionation decomposes each crude oil into light, medium and heavy naphtha, light, heavy and residual oil according to different boiling points. The octane numbers of light, medium and heavy naphtha are 90, 80 and 70 respectively. See Table 10 for the various oil fractions that can be produced per barrel of crude oil:

Table 10 Petroleum Fractionation of Crude Oil (barrel/barrel)

Light naphtha, heavy oil and heavy oil residue oil.

Crude oil1.1.20.20.1.20.13

Crude oil 20.150.250.180.080.190.12

There is a little loss in the fractionation process.

2 reforming

Naphtha can be directly blended into different grades of gasoline, or it can enter the reforming process to produce reformed gasoline with octane number of 1 15. See table 1 1 for the reformed gasoline obtained by reforming different naphthas:

Light stone brain, medium stone brain and heavy stone brain

Reformed gasoline 0.6 0.52 0.45

3 cracking

Light oil and heavy oil can be directly blended to produce aviation kerosene, and can also catalyze the production of cracked oil and cracked gasoline. The octane number of cracked gasoline is 105. See table 12 for products produced by light oil and heavy oil cracking:

cracking gasoline

Light oil 0.68 0.28

Heavy oil 0.75 0.2

Cracking oil can be used to blend kerosene and aviation kerosene, and cracking gasoline can be used to blend gasoline.

Residual oil can be used to produce lubricating oil or blended into aviation kerosene or kerosene, and a barrel of residual oil can produce 5.5 barrels of lubricating oil.

4 Harmony

Gasoline (engine and fuel)

There are two kinds of gasoline: ordinary gasoline and high-grade gasoline, both of which can be blended from naphtha, reformed gasoline and cracked gasoline. The octane number of ordinary gasoline must be above 84, while the octane number of high-grade gasoline must be above 94. We assume that the octane number of blended gasoline is linear with the octane number and content of each component.

aviation kerosene

Aviation kerosene can be blended from gasoline, heavy oil, cracked oil and residual oil. The vapor pressure of aviation kerosene shall not exceed 1pa, while the vapor pressures of light oil, heavy oil, cracked oil and residual oil are shown in Table 13:

Residue of light oil and heavy oil cracking oil

Steam pressure 1.0 0.6 1.5 0.05

It can be considered that the vapor pressure of aviation kerosene has a linear relationship with the vapor pressure of various blending components.

paraffin

Kerosene consists of light oil, cracked oil, heavy oil and residual oil in the ratio of: 10: 4.3: 1.

The quantity and resolution of various oils are as follows:

A: The daily supply of crude oil/kloc-0 is 20,000 barrels.

B: The supply of crude oil is 30,000 barrels per day.

C: Up to 45,000 barrels of crude oil can be fractionated every day.

D: It can crack up to 8000 barrels of crude oil every day.

E: Up to 10000 barrels of naphtha can be reformed every day.

F: The daily output of lubricating oil must be between 500 barrels and 1000 barrels.

High: The output of high-grade gasoline must account for 40% of that of ordinary gasoline.

See table 14 for profit of various final products: (yuan/barrel)

Advanced gasoline, ordinary gasoline, aviation kerosene, kerosene lubricant.

Profit 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.35 0. 15

Question: How to make the production and operation plan of the refinery to get the maximum profit?

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