First, the structure of kindergarten mathematics education objectives
The goal of kindergarten mathematics education is an organic whole and an orderly organized system. Generally speaking, it can be divided into three levels: general goal, age stage goal and mathematics education activity goal; From a horizontal perspective, it can be generally divided into three categories: cognitive goals, emotional and attitude goals, and operational skills goals. When setting different levels and types of goals, the existing foundation of children's development, the characteristics and laws of children's mathematics learning, and the logical system and characteristics of mathematics itself are all factors that goal makers need to grasp.
1, overall goal (level 1 goal)
(1) Cognitive goal: guide children to learn some superficial mathematical knowledge and skills, help them gain perceptual experience about the shape, quantity, space and time of objects, gradually form some preliminary mathematical concepts, and develop their mathematical thinking activities and problem-solving ability on this basis.
(2) Emotion and attitude goal: to cultivate children's interest in mathematics activities and their initiative and independence in participating in activities; Gradually cultivate children's habit of thinking.
(3) Operation skill goal: let children learn to operate and use materials correctly, gain perceptual experience about mathematical concepts in the interaction with materials, and cultivate children's good habits such as being serious, careful, organized and not afraid of difficulties.
2. Goals for all ages (secondary goals)
The second-level goal is put forward according to the first-level goal, which is established in three categories: cognitive ability, emotional attitude and operational skills according to the different development levels of early, middle and large children, and has strong operability (see the table on the next page for details).
3, mathematics education activity goal (level 3 goal)
In the practice of mathematics education, the goals of all ages must be decomposed into concrete and operable goals, that is, goals that can be achieved by one mathematical activity or goals that need to be achieved through many mathematical activities. This level goal should be consistent with the first and second level goals, so as to connect with each other and promote the all-round development of children.
Second, the formulation and expression of the goal of kindergarten mathematics education activities
The goal of educational activities is the starting point and destination of educational activities, which stipulates the expected effect of some activities. The goal of educational activities is the basis of educational content selection, method application and effect evaluation. At present, there are still blind mathematics education with only content and no goal in kindergarten mathematics education practice, and there is a tendency of "stylization" and vague goal setting. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to the following points when formulating and expressing the objectives of mathematics education activities.
1, target development
When setting the goal of mathematics education activities, teachers should first focus on the development of children, including the development of mathematics cognition, as well as the development of emotion, learning attitude, personality and sociality. Only by fully grasping children's age characteristics and current development level can the principle of gradual progress be embodied in the activity design. Paying attention to the development of goals means that teachers must clearly understand the development foundation of children in this class, so as to determine whether the designed activity goals have development value for children.
Small class, middle class and large class
Cognitive goal 1. Learn to classify objects according to their characteristics.
2. Learn to rank objects within 5 according to their differences (size and length).
3. Know "1" and "many" and distinguish them correctly.
4. Learn to compare the number of two objects by one-to-one correspondence, and feel "more", "less" and "as much"
5. Learn the objects with the same number of points and be able to tell the total number.
6. Take things according to the number (within 5).
7. Know circles, squares and triangles and be able to name them.
8. Self-centered and differentiated from top to bottom.
9. Know morning, evening, day and night, learn to use numbers within 1 and 10, understand the meaning of numbers, use numbers to represent the number of objects, and learn series and reciprocal.
2. Learning is not interfered by external characteristics such as spatial arrangement and size of objects, and the number within 10 is correctly judged, that is, the number of learning is conserved.
3. Understand the arithmetic relationship between two adjacent numbers in the natural sequence within 10.
4. Know rectangle, trapezoid and ellipse.
5. Learn to classify objects within 6 according to their thickness.
6. Correct number of objects in 10
7. Classify objects according to certain characteristics.
8, according to the number of objects.
9. Learn to compare the difference between thickness, thickness and weight.
10, learning how to correctly identify and name graphics without being affected by the size, color and placement of graphics, that is, learning the conservation of graphics.
1 1, and get a preliminary understanding of the simple relationship of plane graphics.
12, self-centered, learn to distinguish between before and after.
13, learn to distinguish the front and back with the object as the center.
14. Learn to move in specific directions such as up, down, front and back.
15. Know and learn to use time concepts, such as "today, tomorrow and yesterday"
16, understand symbols such as "=" and "≦" 1, and learn concepts such as ordinal number, singular number, even number and adjacent number within 10.
2. Learn the composition and decomposition of internal numbers in 10, and understand their inclusion, interchange and complementarity.
3. Learn the addition and subtraction within 10 and experience the reciprocal relationship of addition and subtraction.
4. Understanding "+""-""
5. Know cubes, cuboids, spheres and cylinders, and learn to distinguish plane graphics from three-dimensional graphics.
6. Learn to classify objects according to more than two characteristics.
7. According to the number and quantity of objects 10.