Rene descartes is a famous French philosopher, scientist and mathematician. Descartes, usually called Descartes, was born on March 3rd1,1596, and died on February 1650 in Stockholm, Sweden. He made an important contribution to the development of modern mathematics, and was known as the father of analytic geometry because he formulated the geometric coordinate system. He was also the founder of modern western philosophy and the pioneer of modern materialism, and put forward the idea of "universal doubt". His philosophical thoughts deeply influenced later Europeans and opened up the so-called "European rationalism" philosophy.