Astronomy and mathematics are closely related. In fact, mathematics is the foundation and important tool of astronomy. Astronomy uses mathematical methods to explain and predict the motion and behavior of celestial bodies. Astronomers use mathematical models to describe the interaction and motion laws among galaxies, planets, stars and other celestial bodies. Through mathematical methods, astronomers can calculate and predict the position, velocity, orbital shape and so on of celestial bodies.

Some important mathematical concepts, such as calculus, matrix theory, probability theory and statistics, are widely used in astronomy. For example, calculus can be used to study the speed, acceleration and orbital shape of celestial bodies; Matrix theory can be used to process the position and velocity data of celestial bodies; Probability theory and statistics can be used to analyze observation data and predict the behavior of celestial bodies.

In addition, mathematics has provided some revolutionary breakthroughs for astronomy. For example, Newton's law of universal gravitation and Kepler's law of planetary motion are all based on mathematical principles. These achievements not only promote the development of astronomy, but also promote the development of mathematics itself.

Therefore, astronomy and mathematics are inseparable. It can be said that mathematics is an important pillar and foundation of astronomy.