According to Google. Com, Guo Moruo believes that the word "hand" symbolizes a palm, and the Chinese character "123" comes from the 123 horizontal of the word "hand", that is, "the pictograph of fingers"; The word "number" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the image of "knot number", and the bamboo head of the word "calculation" represents the bamboo piece used as a counting tool in ancient times. The same is true in the West. American mathematician Dan Ze wrote in the book Number-Language of Science: "As long as there is a place called counting, there must be a finger counting ... There are many original languages, and the numbers below four are exactly the same as the names of four fingers. ..... Without fingers, the development of numbers and the development of precise science, which are the basis of our spiritual and material progress, would be hopelessly at a low stage. " (Translated by Su Zhongxiang, Commercial Press, April 1985, pp. 7-8)
A large number of concepts, laws, theorems and other knowledge points are not the basis of mathematics, but the activities of exploring and applying these knowledge are the basis of mathematics.
Therefore, Interpretation of Mathematics Curriculum Standards (Beijing Normal University Press, May 2002) points out on page 1 12: "Standards regard mathematics as a series of human activities to organize mathematics in the real world, that is, to constantly sort out and organize materials related to practical problems by using mathematical ideas and methods." Therefore, the new mathematics curriculum standard revised in 2008 revised the specific expression of students' training objectives and put forward "four basics", namely basic knowledge, basic skills, basic ideas and basic activity experience; It also emphasizes that "students should have enough time and space to experience activities such as observation, experiment, guess, verification, reasoning, calculation and proof" and "experience the process of abstracting mathematical problems from the actual background, establishing mathematical models, getting results and solving problems".
In a word, the essence of mathematics is the activity of solving problems by using mathematical thinking methods.
However, the most lacking and weak place in realistic mathematics teaching is to organize and guide students' problem-solving activities by using mathematical thinking methods.
From this perspective, we have embarked on the right track of implementing the activity-oriented learning model.