Education must be based on the improvement of students' mathematics quality and promote the all-round development of students' comprehensive quality.
1. Understanding the world from a mathematical perspective: Understanding the world from a mathematical perspective-the cultivation of mathematical consciousness.
1, understand the meaning of numbers and the relationship between numbers, and cultivate a sense of numbers. The sense of number is the understanding and feeling of the essence of logarithm. The essence of numbers is "more and less" or "big and small", thus transitioning to the order of numbers.
2. Go through the symbolization process and cultivate the symbolic consciousness. Students can come into contact with many symbolic situations such as stop signs and Olympic rings in their lives, so they have some symbolic experiences. For example, when teaching "Determining position by using number pairs", firstly, the existing experience of describing the position of objects in students' minds is activated by presenting the specific scenes of seats that students are familiar with in the classroom; Through communication, students have the need to express their positions in a consistent way.
3. Combine practical operation with mathematical thinking to cultivate the concept of space.
4. Experience the whole process of statistical activities and cultivate statistical concepts.
5. Pay attention to the connection between mathematics and life, and cultivate the consciousness of mathematics application.
The concept of space mainly refers to abstracting geometric figures according to the characteristics of objects, and imagining the actual objects described according to the geometric figures; Imagine the orientation of objects and the positional relationship between them; Describe the movement and change of graphics; Draw graphics according to language description.
Second, mathematical thinking-the cultivation of mathematical thinking ability.
1, combining numbers and shapes to develop students' thinking in images
Primary school students' thinking is in the transitional stage from image thinking to abstract thinking. Number is the abstraction of shape, and shape is the expression of number. The combination of numbers and shapes can help students produce correct mathematical expressions and promote their mathematical understanding.
2. Carefully organize mathematical activities to cultivate students' preliminary reasoning ability.
3, grasp the whole, break through the routine, and cultivate intuitive thinking ability. In teaching, we should cultivate students' intuitive thinking ability. First of all, we should improve students' overall ability to grasp knowledge.
Reasoning is a thinking process of drawing new judgments from one or several known judgments. According to the age characteristics of primary school students, their reasoning ability should be based on reasonable reasoning.
Third, solving problems by mathematical methods-the cultivation of problem-solving ability.
1, the problems in life are varied and changeable, so it is impossible for us to let students try to solve all the problems one by one. Therefore, the learning value of "problem solving" lies in enabling students to accumulate basic ideas and common methods to solve problems, accumulate experience to solve problems, and form basic strategies to solve problems. According to the age characteristics of primary school students, drawing, arranging, guessing, verifying and hands-on operation should be used as common strategies in teaching.
2. Effectively realize two transformations in the process of solving problems:
(1) pay attention to the guidance of "problem representation" methods and strategies, and promote the transformation from "problem situation" to "mathematical problem";
(2) Pay attention to the guidance of quantitative relationship analysis and promote the transformation from "mathematical problems" to "solving problems by mathematical methods";
(3) Promoting the internalization of methods and strategies in communication and reflection;
Problem-solving teaching should change "teaching method" into "strategic guidance", guide students to learn to interpret mathematical information from complex situations, pay attention to the experience and accumulation of problem-solving methods in the process of problem-solving, and improve students' mathematical literacy.