1, structure of frog pond: area is 10? 15 square meter is suitable, the pool depth is about 1 meter, and the water depth is 60? 80 cm, the cement structure is better, the bottom of the pool can be uneven, the water level can be deep or shallow, the dining table is fixed in one place, the edge of the pool is fortified with escape nets or fences, and a certain area of land and spawning area can be set in the center of the pool, which accounts for about one third of the total area, and the water depth is kept at 10 cm.
2. Source and cultivation of breeding frogs: Young frogs weighing more than 0.5 kg and over 2 years old are selected as seeds, and the male-female ratio is 1: 1, per square meter 1 pair, 4? Feeding began after 5 days. Domesticated frogs are fed with compound feed, and the daily feeding rate is 3? 6%, feed some animal bait such as earthworm, fly maggot, small miscellaneous fish and shrimp before labor. Domesticated frogs are fed with animal bait, and the daily feeding rate is 5? 6%, up to 10%. Usually twice in the morning and afternoon. At the same time, black light is used to lure insects and increase supplementary bait. In the cultivation period, it depends on the weather changes; Change the water from time to time to keep the water fresh and get proper sunshine, especially during the spawning season.
3. Oviposition incubation technology: The spawning incubation period of bullfrog is 5? Spawning in September can be divided into natural spawning and artificial spawning. The dosage of female frog inducing labor is 4 bullfrogs or frog pituitary +HCG600 units +LRH? A250 μ g/kg, the dosage of male frog was halved, and one-time injection was used. Water temperature is 20 degrees? 30℃, generally 40 hours later, they begin to lay eggs in pairs, 20? Gently take out the egg pieces and put them into the incubator for incubation, which takes 30 minutes. Cement tank is the best incubation tank, with an area of several square meters to several tens of square meters and a water depth of 20 cm. The water quality should be fresh and pollution-free, and the top of the tank should be covered to prevent the sudden change of water temperature. Can you put 6000 eggs per square meter? 9000 capsules, water temperature 25? 32℃, temperature 20? At 32℃, tadpoles can hatch in two and a half days.
Second, the breeding technology of tadpoles
1, pit structure: cement pool, earth pool, the area can be large or small, the smallest is several square meters, the largest is more than tens of square meters, and the small pool is kept at 30? The suitable water depth is 60 cm, and the depth of large pond can reach about 1 m. The frog farm should be equipped with tadpole ponds of different specifications to accommodate tadpoles of different periods in batches. The inner pool should have water inlet and outlet facilities for free drainage and irrigation. A bait table should be set at the water surface of 10 cm, and some floating objects should be placed in the pond for the abnormal young frogs to rest.
2. Feeding management of tadpoles: tadpoles are kept in the original pond for about 1 month after hatching. Feeding began three days after demoulding, twice a day, one egg yolk for every ten thousand tadpoles, one and a half egg yolks after five days, and a small amount of soybean milk. With the growth of tadpoles, the pool water gradually increased to 30? 40 cm, the bait was changed to fish meal, rice bran, bean dregs and so on. The daily feed intake rate was 5%, and increased to 10% after10, 15 days. 18%,3? Change the water every four days, and after feeding for one month, the tadpoles can reach 4? 5 cm long. At this time, tadpoles will be transferred to a large area of soil pool that has been disinfected and fertilized, 70? Every square meter. 100 fish, the water depth of the pond is about 1 m, the bottom of the pond is flat, with a certain inclination and little silt. Feed twice a day, mainly with compound feed and appropriate fertilization. After 40? After 50 days of culture, tadpoles can grow to 50 grams and begin to transform into young frogs.
Three, young frog breeding technology
1. Reconstruction of juvenile frog pond: It is best to build the pond in a damp, warm, leeward place with plenty of sunshine and little human interference, and the area should not be too large, ranging from tens of square meters to 3? 5 square meters, a small pond is more suitable for domesticating young frogs. Both land pools and cement pools can be used. The depth of the pool is 60? 70 cm, the pool should be surrounded by a screen with a height of 1 m to prevent frogs from escaping and enemies from invading. There is only one bait table in the pool. The bait table is framed with wooden strips around it, and the screen is fastened in the middle.
2. Collection of metamorphosed young frogs: After the tadpoles grow hind legs, they are fished out of the tadpole pond with a net, properly concentrated in a smaller cement pond or soil pond, and continue to be raised. When the front legs grow out, stop eating until the tail disappears. At this time, the young frogs are fished out and put into the young frog pond or domestication pond, and the weight per square meter is 100 yuan. 500, pool depth 10? 20 centimeters.
3. Artificial rearing techniques for young frogs;
(1) Pre-culture: The newly metamorphosed young frog is weak, so it needs about 7 days of pre-culture to make it strong, and then it can be tamed after it has accumulated certain nutrition. In the early stage, live bait was mainly used, especially maggots and small miscellaneous fish. Every 100 frog is fed about 100 grams every day.
(2) Domestication of feeding habits: small strip fish or maggots are used as attractants, dead bait or granular bait is added from less to more, and finally all granular feed is fed. You can also tame food directly with pellet feed. At this time, you have to lower the water level until the shallow water area is just immersed in the water, but the hind legs of the young frogs in the deep water area are not at the end. When granular feed is scattered in shallow water, the activity of young frogs makes the particles move with the water, attracting young frogs to eat. After domestication for a period of time, you can drive the big young frogs to feed, which can shorten the domestication time.
4. Feeding and management of young frogs
(1) Separate the young frogs in the domestication pond according to their size, about 100 per square meter.
(2) Where conditions permit, young frogs can be raised indoors.
(3) pay attention to cold and heatstroke prevention. The optimum growth temperature of bullfrog is 22? 28℃, maximum 35℃, minimum 20℃ (except hibernation). In high temperature season, it is advisable to shade outdoors and keep ventilation indoors. In winter, the outdoor frog pond should be covered with plastic sheets, and it is best to add a layer of straw and often add some well water to keep the water temperature above 10℃.
(4) regular feeding: 2? Three times, the daily feeding rate is 3? 5%, while feeding compound feed, you can also occasionally feed some fresh bait.
(5) Indoor cultivation, changing water every day and cleaning the food table. Outdoor land, pay attention to the water quality can not be too fat, often add new water.
(6) Pay attention to observation and do a good job in preventing diseases, fleeing and enemies.
Four, adult frog culture technology
1. Selection and design of adult frog pond: The requirements of adult frog pond are not as strict as those of young frog, and the area can be larger. The water demand is not large, but the pond should have a reliable water source and a certain depth. The water depth of outdoor wintering pool should be about 1 m. It is best not to set land or other hard objects around the pond for frogs to jump hard, and the water depth should be at least the depth that bullfrogs can't step on their hind legs. The wall of the pond should be about 30 cm above the water surface, and then a circle of 20 cm-high screen inclined inward should be surrounded on the wall of the pond. There should be no hidden dead corners and caves in the pool.
2. Semi-intensive breeding technology of commercial frogs: outdoor fish ponds, pools, paddy fields, lotus ponds and other areas are large, and the frogs are scattered, mainly with natural bait and supplemented by granular feed. There are several bait tables floating on the water surface in the pool, and the bait is placed intensively. At the same time, trapping insects with black light is a supplement for bullfrogs that have not eaten on the bait table. The stocking density should not be too high, per square meter 10? About 30, depending on the bait.
3. Indoor intensive breeding of bullfrog: the daily management is basically the same as that of young frog, but the stocking density is different. 50 If the weight per square meter exceeds100g, it can be stored according to the commodity specifications. If the weight is less than100g, the density can be slightly higher. 22 years old? Under the condition of 28℃, feed 2? Three times, the daily feeding rate was 3% (fresh bait 10%). Weighing around 200? When the weight is about 250g, you can add some fresh bait to supplement vitamins.
4. Warm cultivation of bullfrog: introduce heat source, create suitable temperature conditions, break the hibernation period of bullfrog, and make bullfrog eat and grow all the year round. Heat sources include geothermal water, factory wastewater, boiler heating, electric heating, etc. Non-toxic heat sources can be directly used as water supply, and toxic heat sources can be used after treatment or indirectly heat pool water through pipelines. Heating culture is generally carried out in low temperature season, so it is only necessary to pay attention to the heating temperature within the appropriate temperature range.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Diseases and Prevention of Bullfrog
1, rot: general hazard 10? Young frog 50 grams, 7? It is popular in September, and the symptoms are: the epidermis between the eyes of the head is tattered, white and shaped like a lump. Then I found a small white spot on my back. In a few days, the skin festered and even the muscles and bones were exposed. Abdomen and joints of limbs became red and swollen one after another, and then they festered locally and eventually died. Can streptomycin be used to soak the diseased frog 15? 20 minutes, 2? Three times can achieve remarkable curative effect, and soaking the diseased frog 15 minutes with 20ppm potassium permanganate can inhibit the disease.
2, red leg disease: the sick frog's hind legs are weak and trembling, the skin between the thigh and abdomen and the forelimbs is congested and red, the head is squatting, and it is impossible to eat, 3? Died on the 5 th. Regular pond disinfection can prevent this disease, and it can be cured by soaking in 3% salt solution 15 minutes.