tangram

/kloc-One of the most popular jigsaw puzzles in the 0/9th century is the jigsaw puzzle. The popularity of Tangram is probably due to its simple structure, simple operation and easy understanding. You can use jigsaw puzzles to spell out your own designs at will, but if you want to use jigsaw puzzles to spell out specific patterns, you will encounter real challenges. This is the fun of jigsaw puzzles.

The jigsaw puzzle has a simple structure, which easily leads people to think that it is easy to solve its problems, but this idea is one-sided. /kloc-more than 0/600 patterns can be put together by puzzles, some are easy to spell, some are quite mysterious, and some are specious and full of contradictions.

Tangram is an invention of working people in ancient China. Invented in the early Ming Dynasty, it was widely circulated among the people in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Lu Qing Yi Tian wrote in Volume I of Leng Lu Miscellaneous Knowledge that "there are seven close-up pictures with seven numbers in five forms, and there are thousands of variations. The body is small and changeable, and the tools of the game are enough to dispel boredom and break the silence, so secular people like it. "

I don't know when, the "seven clever pictures" spread abroad and were welcomed and valued by them. Needham said it was "one of the oldest pastimes in the East", and the library of Cambridge University in England still has a "Seven Clever New Books". American writer Edgar Allan Porter refined a puzzle with ivory. Napoleon amused himself with jigsaw puzzles in exile. Who would have thought that Tangram would compete with Napoléon Bonaparte, Adam, Du Lei, Edgar Allan Poe and Carol? In fact, they are all fans of jigsaw puzzle.

There are many original sayings about the name of Tangram:

1. From the abandoned English word "trangram": a strange-looking gadget;

2. From the Tang Dynasty (China Tang Dynasty) with the suffix-gram (Greek meaning works);

3. It comes from the term "tanka", which means people on a coastal ship. In addition to providing food and washing clothes, they also provide some entertainment during the transportation ferry. There is a China puzzle made up of seven boards. The word Tangram evolved from tanka game (the game of others on board).

All these statements seem to have some truth.

Probably the original Tangram's strong interest and its entertaining explanation inspired the literary creativity of Sam Lloyd, a famous American puzzle solver. 1903, 6 1 year old, he wrote in the eighth tea cover book: "According to the introduction of the encyclopedia, the origin of jigsaw puzzles is extremely old. In China, as an entertainment object, its history can be traced back to 4000 years ago ... "

China's development process

First, the picture of Yan Ji in the Song Dynasty → evolved into the butterfly wing Ji in the Ming Dynasty → and then the jigsaw puzzle from the early Qing Dynasty to modern times.

Yan Ji Tu-Tangram's original face is "Yan Ji Tu", which means to entertain guests. Huang, a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, initiated this idea. He first designed six rectangular tables, which can be adjusted according to the number of guests at the banquet, and then added a small table. When all seven tables are put together, they will become a big rectangle, and the combination can be changed endlessly. It's almost like a modern jigsaw puzzle.

Butterfly Wings-Later, according to the principle of "swallowing several figures", Geshan in Ming Dynasty designed "Butterfly Wings", which were composed of thirteen different triangular figures, which together were the shape of a butterfly's wings, and after being separated, more than 100 figures could be spelled out.

Tangram-Modern Tangram was developed on the basis of Yan Ji Tu and Die Ji.

Benefits and uses

Tangram has numerous benefits and uses. The following are the benefits and uses of Tangram: shape concept, visual discrimination, cognitive skills, visual memory, hand-eye coordination, encouraging openness, spreading thinking and creating opportunities.

Tangram is a good partner to inspire children's intelligence, both ancient and modern. It can connect children with objects and forms, and has great development space for cultivating children's observation, imagination, morphological analysis and creative logic.

Now it is widely used by parents to help children learn basic logical relations and mathematical concepts. It can help children understand the meaning of various geometric figures, numbers, perimeters and areas, and understand Pythagorean theorem.

Tangram can also teach children to recognize colors and guide them to understand the division and synthesis of graphics, thus enhancing their hand intelligence, patience and observation. It can also be used to tell stories, connecting dozens of puzzle pictures into a series of connected pictures, which can be told to children like cartoons. Spell out a few cats, a few dogs and a house first, and you can tell a wonderful and touching story.

2. Tangram Mathematical Culture Diary

Today, my mother took Yong Zhuo and me to the new century primary school to participate in the tangram final for the first time in the drizzle.

As soon as I entered the school gate, a round flower bed first came into view. In the center of the flower bed stands a huge statue, surrounded by colorful flowers. Behind the flower bed is the teaching building. The venue of my competition is in Class 3 (5).

I immediately ran into the third board and found a seat to sit down.

With a sharp whistle, we put the puzzle away, get the tools ready, and wait for the papers to be handed out. When I got the test paper, I first wrote down the list, district, school, class, name and admission ticket number, and briefly looked at the test paper. I didn't think it was too difficult after reading it, so I wrote it. I was halfway through, and I looked up. Some of my classmates are writing, some are drawing, and some are frowning, as if to say, "Why is this question so difficult?" The parents outside also frowned and were extremely nervous. It seems that parents sit in the examination room instead of us. At this moment, I saw a little boy in Grade One in Senior One coloring the picture. I quickly lowered my head and continued to do the problem.

When I put the rabbit, monkey, fox and radish in the last question, I just breathed a sigh of relief and the loud whistle sounded again. We stopped writing at once and the invigilator rolled it up.

I feel really relaxed after the exam, as if I had unloaded a heavy burden. Mom came over and asked, "How did the exam feel?" "okay?" I replied. I thought: I hope I can succeed.

3. Mathematical knowledge 10~20 words

Number 65438 +0 *** These digital symbols were originally invented by ancient Indians, and later spread to * * *, and then from * * * to Europe. Europeans mistakenly think that it was invented by * * * people, so they call it "* * * numbers". Because it has been circulating for many years, people still make mistakes. That is, * * * numbers were invented by ancient Indians and widely circulated by * * * people. No.2 the argument about the existence of irrational numbers triggered the first mathematical crisis. Pythagorean Theorem No.3 is also called Pythagorean Theorem abroad. But it was China who discovered this theorem hundreds of years ago. No.4 Calculus Newton and Leibniz had a fierce argument about the invention right of calculus. No.5 golden section 0.6 18 ... Compared with 1, it is called the golden section, which widely appears in the fields of nature and artistic creation, and is known as "the most aesthetically pleasing proportion". It's all by hand, and I look forward to the satisfactory adoption.

4. Mathematical stories with less than 20 words

1. The symbols "+"and "-"were first used by a German 500 years ago. At that time, they didn't mean "plus" or "minus". It was not until more than 300 years ago that it was officially used to mean "addition" and "subtraction".

2. "Tangram" is a kind of tangram in ancient China, which was made up of seven pieces and made into a large square thin plate, with various patterns. Later, it spread abroad and was called "Tangtu". "Tangram" has spread to today and become a kind of intellectual toy that people like.

It is said that as early as 4,000 to 5,000 years ago, our ancestors used a dripping instrument to keep time. This instrument is called lettering.

More than 300 years ago, an English mathematician first used the multiplication symbol "*". Because multiplication is a special addition, he marked the plus sign obliquely.

In 46 BC, Julius Caesar, commander-in-chief of Rome, designated the calendar. Because he was born in July, in order to show his greatness, he decided to change July to "Julian month", and all single months were stipulated as 3 1 day, and bimonthly was 30 days. In this way, there is one more day in a year. February was the month when prisoners were executed in ancient Rome. In order to reduce the number of people executed, 1 day was reduced in February to 29 days.

6. Xiao Fang is a carpenter, but he is arrogant. One day, the master asked him, "The table has four corners. I cut off one, how many are left? " Xiao Fang said 4- 1=3, three. The master told him that there were five people.