Mathematical modeling, mainly matlab (solving, drawing, the function is really powerful, R and SARS operations can be done, and it is convenient to solve some problems, such as matrix related problems); Statistical software, mainly spss (this is more specific and can handle a lot of huge data, in fact, many problems it solves can be easily solved by excel); Database, SQL (this is also very convenient for practical problems. The teacher who teaches this is very good, saying that after learning this, you can easily open an online shop and build a website without buying it, because many systems in the school will use this); Mathematical modeling can use many softwares, including the latter two; SPSS has basically never used programming, and the other two are programming. Matlab and SQL can solve many of the same problems. As for who is the best, those who specialize in it are all very good, but I think matlab is often used, and the other two are only used for certain problems.