Mathematics occupies a large proportion in bioinformatics. Statistics, including multivariate statistics, is one of the mathematical foundations of bioinformatics; Probability theory and stochastic process theory, such as Hidden Markov Chain Model (HMM), have important applications in bioinformatics. Others, such as operational research of sequence alignment; Application of optimization theory in protein spatial structure prediction and molecular docking research: study the topological structure of DNA supercoiled structure; Study the group theory of genetic code and the symmetry of DNA sequence. In a word, various mathematical theories have played a corresponding role in biological research to some extent, but not all mathematical methods can be universally established when introducing bioinformatics.

Bioinformatics is a subject that studies the collection, processing, storage, dissemination, analysis and interpretation of biological information. It is also a new discipline formed by the combination of life science and computer science with the rapid development of life science and computer science. It comprehensively uses biology, computer science and information technology to reveal the biological mystery endowed by a large number of complex biological data.