Logical judgment can be divided into two subjects from knowledge points, inevitability reasoning and possibility reasoning.

Second, the inevitability of reasoning

1, four propositions

These four propositions include direct proposition, joint proposition, selective proposition and hypothetical proposition. Judging from the frequency of examination, the comprehensive examination frequency of hypothetical propositions and various propositions is high. Then, for this part of the knowledge points, candidates need to master the knowledge points are:

(1) All and some, yes and no are contradictory in the straightforward proposition; All are against all non-commonness, and some are against some non-commonness; Everyone can introduce some, some, some can introduce some, yes and no.

(2) The contradiction between the expressions A and B of the joint proposition is not A or B. If the branch proposition in the joint proposition is false, it is completely false.

(3) The expression of the compatible alternative proposition is A or B, which contradicts non-A and non-B. Denial of one of the two sub-propositions of the compatible alternative proposition can lead to affirmation of the other.

(4) The expression of incompatible substitution proposition is that either A or B, A and B, or non-A and non-B are contradictory. The two sub-propositions of incompatible substitution sentences can be yes or no.

(5) Suppose that the expression of the proposition is A deduces B, which means that sufficient condition A deduces necessary condition B. Then, here, you need to remember two points: First, the introduction symbol always points from sufficient condition to necessary condition; Second, what conditions are described first is called conditional hypothesis proposition. Therefore, when we encounter such related words as "if … then, if … then, if … then, if … then, if we want to ……", we should know that they are necessary conditions. The first half describes the necessary conditions first, and the second half is the sufficient conditions, that is, the former is derived from the latter. In addition, when encountering the problem of truth and falsehood, it should be remembered that "A deduces B" and "A is not B" are contradictory. When encountering type problems, we should use the reasoning rules that the original proposition of the hypothetical proposition is equivalent to its inverse proposition, that is, Ken first pushes Ken, No second pushes No, and others are not necessarily the same. Of course, in addition, we must master the learning of chain reasoning, and then simplify a single proposition into an expression, so as to combine and connect.

2. syllogism

The syllogism part needs to focus on four standard expressions: venn diagram method to solve the conclusion and subject-predicate splitting method to solve the premise. And in the process of solving problems, we should skillfully combine the forms of expression with the methods of solving problems.

3. Naive logic

In the naive logic part, we should master the problem of element correspondence and true and false words, the multidimensional breakthrough search method and list connection method of disordered elements, the inequality method and drawing sorting method of ordered elements, and the contradiction method and hypothesis method of true and false words. These knowledge points need candidates to use flexibly.

The above is the related content of "Questions and Skills of Reasoning and Judgment in Walking Test" edited by Bian Xiao, a public examination in Gao Dun. Want to know more about the 2023 national examination, please pay attention to the civil service examination network.