The application of information technology in primary school mathematics teaching should meet the needs of the development of modern education and teaching, effectively combine information technology with teaching, make full use of the advantages of information technology, improve the level of information technology, improve the effect of teaching and learning, and improve teaching efficiency, so as to better achieve the purpose of education and teaching. First, the basic principles of the application of information technology in primary school mathematics teaching (1) Unified use of information technology to assist primary school mathematics teaching requires "clear teaching objectives, targeted and targeted information-based teaching", and at the same time, it is necessary to combine the specific reality, seek truth from facts, reduce the use cost, improve the effectiveness of information-based teaching, and prevent technology for the sake of technology, deviate from the ultimate goal of teaching, and blindly pursue information. In particular, it is necessary to put an end to information-based teaching that has no practical effect and prevent the waste of information resources and the idleness of information technology equipment in the process of information-based teaching. In addition, over-reliance on information-based teaching may bring some teaching fatigue to teachers and students, and affect the teaching and learning effect of teachers and students. Therefore, we should always take the teaching purpose as the goal, guide the development of information-based teaching, and reduce the impact of insufficient information-based teaching. (II) Unity of Instrumentality and Humanism The modernity and instrumentality of information technology will bring certain difficulties to the teaching and learning of teachers and students, which requires teachers to actively learn information technology knowledge, make full use of information teaching achievements and master basic information teaching skills. At the same time, teachers and parents should guide students to understand some basic information technology knowledge, learn information learning and master information learning skills. In the application of information technology, pay attention to the unity of instrumentality and humanity. Due to the weak learning ability of primary school students, teachers should give priority to simple and rich teaching methods when using information technology, and avoid too complicated information teaching methods, so as to effectively combine the instrumentality of information technology with the humanity of teaching. (3) Information teaching combines dominance and subjectivity, which is conducive to fully mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of teachers and students, but it is easy to distract attention in classroom teaching. This requires that primary school mathematics teaching should give full play to the leading role of teachers and the main role of students' learning, and avoid the influence of the use of information technology on the attention focus of teachers and students, especially primary school students are extremely interested in vivid and rich information, which requires teachers to be good at guiding students while improving their interest in classroom learning.