1. Look at Leonardo da Vinci's famous painting Mona Lisa. After measurement and analysis, you will find a familiar proportion. Yes, it is the golden section! Taking the Mona Lisa's jaw as the dividing line, the whole character is divided into two parts, and the proportion of the larger part in the whole is equal to the proportion of the smaller part in the larger part. This ratio is recognized as the most aesthetic ratio, so it is called the golden section.

2. Of course, the artist not only uses mathematical laws such as golden section and geometric perspective in painting, but also explores and applies mathematical elements such as mapping, transformation, projection, mutual coupling, expansion and abstraction intentionally or unintentionally, making the creation more expressive. Raphael, Monet, Cezanne, Van Gogh, Kandinsky and Picasso are all outstanding representatives. Escher, a mathematical artist, made his art express abstract mathematics directly and reached a philosophical peak.