"Mathematics comes from reality, takes root in reality and applies it to reality" is the principle of "mathematical reality" put forward by Friedenthal, a Dutch mathematician and educator. Based on this principle, mathematics teaching in primary schools should proceed from students' reality, closely link mathematics teaching with real social life, make mathematics problems live and mathematize life problems; Let students feel that mathematics comes from life and serves life, so as to understand the value of mathematics, cultivate mathematical consciousness, experience life and know society.
Primary school mathematics practice is a comprehensive practice in mathematics discipline, and its activity process is a process of "doing mathematics". In the teaching research of mathematical practice activities, we further realize that the process of "doing mathematics" in mathematical practice activities is not an independent process of learning new knowledge, but on the basis of students' existing life experience and knowledge background, we comprehensively apply what we have learned to solve problems. Therefore, the process of this kind of mathematical practice activity should be composed of three parts, namely, firstly, find out the object to be studied according to the mathematical reality, secondly, guide students to explore and cooperate with each other, and finally evaluate, summarize and reflect on the activity. Therefore, the process of "doing mathematics" in mathematics practice is the process of letting students experience mathematics, apply mathematics and reflect on mathematics.
Mathematics practice is not divorced from students' learning materials. In order to make mathematics practice promote students' development, it is necessary to combine mathematics practice with usual mathematics teaching to serve students' learning content. Looking at the whole primary school mathematics textbook, mathematical practice activities exist in "the discovery of concepts such as number and operation closely related to the textbook, the understanding of geometric shapes in space and graphics, and the collection, collation and analysis of mathematical information in life closely related to the learning content"; Problems in life, which are triggered by life and solved by learned knowledge, illustrate some phenomena in life.
Mathematics comprehensive practice is different from general mathematics activity teaching. It focuses on solving problems. In this process, students' ability to find problems, ask questions, analyze problems and solve life problems by using mathematical thinking methods comprehensively is cultivated, students' innovative consciousness is stimulated, and students' mathematical consciousness and spirit are cultivated.
Second, choose the content scientifically and pay attention to practical application.
The comprehensive practice of mathematics is rich and colorful. To carry out practical activities effectively, we should pay attention to application, with less content, closely combine the mathematics practice of students' learning with the progress of teaching materials, and make it easy for students to operate. This requires teachers to choose the content and opportunity reasonably, arouse students' learning enthusiasm and effectively change students' learning methods.