According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the royal family originated from the Liu family in Zhongshan, and was a descendant of Liu Sheng, the eighth son of Emperor Liu Qi of the Western Han Dynasty.
Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan, has as many sons as 120. The fifth son, Liu Zhenfeng, came from Zhongshan (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province) to Lucheng Houguo (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province), and his descendants formed Zhuoxian County, a branch of the Liu family in Zhongshan. The time is about 127 BC.
In 65438 BC+065438 BC+02 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty implemented the policy of cutting vassals, and abolished a large number of princes with the same surname under the pretext of "gilding". Liu Zhen, the founder of the Liu family in Zhuoxian County, was also deprived of the title of Hou Ting in Lucheng and became a common people in this battle of separatist princes.
After Serina Liu, Liu's situation in Zhuoxian was not recorded in the official history, but Liu's genealogy mostly supplemented this blank. But there are many contradictions and mistakes between genealogy and historical facts. Here, I might as well make a general outline and make a proof according to Liu's genealogy in various places.
There is no doubt about the origin of Serina Liu, the ancestor of Liu Zhuoxian Branch in Zhongshan. Therefore, it is wrong for Liu Shipu of Meixian County, Guangdong Province to say that Liu is really the grandson of Liu Sheng and moved from Pengcheng County. Similarly, Liu's genealogy in Guiyang, Hunan, Liu's genealogy in Xinhua, Liu's genealogy in Taogong and Liu's genealogy in Guangxi all say that Liu is really the son of Liu Xiang and Liu Xiang is the son, which is also inconsistent with historical facts.
Liu Bei is the first17th generation grandson of Zhongshan Wang, as recorded in Liu's New Spectrum compiled today. The lineage from Liu Sheng to Liu Bei is:
Liu Sheng (Wang Jing of Zhongshan) → Serina Liu (Hou Ting of Lucheng) → Liu Ang → Liu Lu (Zhang Hou) → Lian Liu (Yishuihou) → Liu Ying (Qinyanghou) → Liu Jian (Anguohou) → Liu Aihua (Guanglinghou) → Liu Xian (Miaoshuihou) → Liu Shu (Qihuanhou) → Liu Yi (Qiyanghou).
This is the most common and popular lineage of the Liu family in Zhongshan.
The genealogy of Liu family in Zhongshan is similar all over the country, such as Guiyang in Hunan and Rongchang in Sichuan. Liu's genealogy in Huaihua, Hunan Province and Liu's genealogy in Jiyun Office mistook Serina Liu for Liu Xiang. In my opinion, this is purely a clerical error, because "truth" and "image" are similar. The compilers of Liu's genealogy in Hunan (Yan Xitao Gongjia), Banqiao Liu's genealogy, Liu Xinhua's genealogy and Ningxiang Liu's genealogy in Hunan probably didn't understand this, so Liu Zhendai was added after Liu Xiang. Little did they know that Liu Xiang was Liu Zhen's fault, which was really gilding the lily.
In addition, the genealogy of Liu in Pingjiang, Hunan Province is the same as that of Taiwan Province Province from to, and the later lineages are arranged like this:
Liu Shu → Liu Xingfa → Liu Sheng → Liu Bi → Liu Da → Liu Caiyuan → Liu Hui.
This bloodline is two generations more than the previous generation, that is, between Liu Shu and Liu Bi, and between Liu Bi and Liu Bu-lu, there is another generation of Liu Da.
Jiangxi Taihe Liu's genealogy is:
Liu Sheng → Serina Liu → Liu Xuan (Liu Ang) → Liu Lu → Lian Liu → Liu Ying → Liu Xun (Liu Jian) → Liu (Liu Aihua) → Liu Ping (Liu Xian) → Liu Hua (Liu Shu) → Liu Yi → Liu Yong (Liu Bi) → Liu Da → Liu Yi → Liu Hui → Xiong Liu → Liu Hong → Liu Bei.
Liu's genealogy in Gubaitang, Hanchuan, Hubei recorded that Liu Bei's generation was 12 and his lineage was:
Liu Sheng → Serina Liu → Liu Lianlu → Liu Yingjian → Liu Ai → Liu Shu → Liu Bi → Liu Undoubtedly → Liu Jihui → Xiong Liu → Li Ka Si → Liu Bei.
From Liu Bei to Liu Bei, it is recorded in the genealogy of Liu in China, Jiangxi Province, which is also 12 generation, and the lineage is:
Liu Sheng → Serina Liu → Liu Ang → Liu Lu → Lian Liu → Liu Xian → Liu Yi → Liu Bi → Liu Hui → Xiong Liu → Li Ka Si → Liu Bei.
Although the compilers of Liu's genealogy have racked their brains to fill the gap with Liu Bei's lineage, the author still has to tell the majority of Liu's clansmen with regret that most of these long-standing lineages are fictitious and wrong.
Why do you say that?
The author believes that the genealogies of these genealogists are inconsistent with history. Because although the names of Liu Bei's ancestors are not listed in the official history, the transitive algebra from Liu Sheng to Liu Bei is indirectly pointed out.
Liu Bei is also called Liu Huangshu. The title "Liu Huangshu" is an extremely important message. Not just casually, but strictly by seniority, that is, Liu Bei should be the uncle of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty by seniority. Liu Xie, the Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, is a branch of Changsha, with 13 generations from Liu Xie. Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan, and Liu Fa, the king of Changsha, are brothers. Since Liu Bei is the uncle of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, it should be 12 generation from Liu Sheng to Liu Bei.
Liu Bei's ancestry, which has spread in Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Hong Kong, Taiwan Province and Nanyang, is at least five generations more than the actual one, so it is all wrong or fictitious. The fabricators of these lineages ignored the important information that Liu Bei was also called Liu Huangshu, and they couldn't find a clear algebraic record from Liu Sheng to Liu Bei in the official history, so they thought they could fabricate it unnoticed.
Among these lineages, only Liu's genealogy in Gubaitang, Hanchuan, Hubei and Liu's genealogy in Jiangxi, China are recorded as 12 generations with Liu Bei, which is consistent with historical reality. However, these two lineages are obviously re-processed on the basis of the above lineages, that is, the ancestors in the Hong Kong genealogy are deleted for several generations, and some father and son names are combined into one name. Therefore, these two lineages are not credible and can only be used as reference at most.
Why are all the records in Zhongshan Liu Genealogy from Liu Bei wrong? It turns out that there is a big secret hidden here-this lineage comes from the romance of the Three Kingdoms!
In the twentieth chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, "The siege was summoned by Dong Shu's cabinet", he wrote: "Set up a court, declare the meritorious military service of Xuande, and introduce the emperor. ..... The emperor taught me to look up the genealogy, so that Zong Zheng could read it out:' Jingdi gave birth to fourteen sons, and the seventh son was Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan scenery. Sheng Lucheng Liu Zhen, Zhen Shengpei Liu, Angsheng Liu, Yishui Li, Lian Shengwang, Sheng Anguo stayed in Hou Ying, Sheng Guangling Hou Liu, Sheng Jiaohou Liu Xian, Sheng Zuyi Hou Liu Shu, Sheng Qiyang Hou Liu Yi and Sheng Yuanze Hou Liu Bi. If the emperor ranks in the genealogy, then Xuande is the emperor's uncle. "
Comparison of various Liu Zhongshan lineages.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms Liu's Genealogy in Jiangxi, Gubaitang Genealogy in Hanchuan, Hubei, Hongxin Genealogy in Pingjiang, Hunan.
Liu Sheng Liu Sheng Liu Sheng Liu Sheng Liu Sheng
Liushi town
Liu Ang Liu Ang Liu Ang Liu Ang
Liulianliululu
Lian Liu Lian Liu Alian Liu Lian Liu
Liu Liu Ying Jian Liu Ying
Liu Jian A A Liu Jian Liu Jian
Liu Ai Liu Ai Liu Aihua Liu Aihua
Liu Xian Liu Xian Liu Xian Liu Xian
Liu Shuyi Liu Liushu Liu Shushu
Liu Yi liuyiyi liuyiyi Liu Xingfa
Ah ah ah Liu Sheng
Liu bi Liu bi Liu bi Liu bi Liu bi Liu bi Liu bi Liu bi
Liu Ada A A Liu Da
Liu Buyi-Liu Buyi Liu Buyi Liu Caiyuan
Liu Liu Jihui Liu Huihui
Xiong Liu Xiong Liu Xiong Liu Xiong Liu Xiong Liu
ricas ricas ricas ricas ricas ricas
Liu Liubei Liu Beibei Liu Beibei
As one of the four classical novels in ancient China, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has long been a household name in China. It is through the spread of this famous book that the Liu lineage in Zhongshan has been widely spread among Liu surnames all over the country. It can be seen that most of the Liu lineage in Zhongshan in later generations may be taken from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
However, the author thinks that this passage about the Liu lineage of Zhongshan in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms should not be made up by the author Luo Guanzhong, but must be well-founded. As for the origin of this lineage recorded by Luo Guanzhong, it is unknown now. The author analyzes two possibilities: one is the historical documents handed down from ancient times in Song and Yuan Dynasties; The other is the genealogy of a family named Liu around Luo Guanzhong. Moreover, the latter is more likely. If this is true, then the fictional ancient lineage of the Liu family in Zhongshan circulated today has been circulated in the Liu family as early as the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Therefore, it can be said that The Romance of the Three Kingdoms copied the lineage of Liu's genealogy, and this lineage in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms was copied by many Liu's genealogies in later generations.
Now, in order to re-fill this blank fault of Liu Bei's lineage, we need to wait for the discovery of more original materials.
We only know that, after Serina Liu, Liu Bei's earliest ancestor with history to test was his grandfather's Xiong Liu. Xiong Liu was promoted to Xiaolian at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and later served as the county magistrate of Fan County (now northwest of Liangshan County, Shandong Province) in Dong Jun County and Pingyuan County (now Pingyuan County, Shandong Province) in Andi.
Liu Xiongsheng's two sons: Rickas and Liu Zijing (family tree is Liu Yi). Likas' son is a generation of hero Liu Bei.