According to the alternation of day and night caused by the rotation of the earth, people formed the concept of "day". According to the concept that the moon revolves around the earth to form a "moon" and the concept that the seasons alternate to form a "year" caused by the earth's revolution around the sun.

The material movements on which these three concepts are based are independent of each other. According to accurate measurement, the time for the earth to circle the sun is about 365.2422 flat solar days, which is called the tropic year.

The time interval from a new moon to the next consecutive appearance is 29.5306 flat solar days, which is called the new moon. Taking the tropical year as the unit, how many integer months are arranged in a year, how many integer days are arranged in a month, and how to choose the starting point of a year is called a calendar.

The complexity of the calendar problem lies in the fact that the tropical year and the new moon are too fragmented, and their relationship with "day" is not as simple as the relationship between kilometers and meters; Besides, they can't communicate with each other. Therefore, calendars always pay attention to one thing and lose sight of another, and it is impossible to coordinate two cycles at the same time.

For these two reasons, calendars are generally divided into three categories; Lunar calendar, solar calendar, lunar calendar. The solar calendar, which focuses on coordinating the relationship between Wang Shuo and the calendar, is referred to as the solar calendar for short; The lunar calendar, which takes the moon, tropic year, calendar month and calendar year into account, is called the yin-yang calendar.

No matter what kind of calendar, there is a problem of coordinating the relationship between calendar day period and astronomical period. In principle, the calendar month should be equal to the new moon, and the calendar year should be equal to the Tropic of Cancer.

However, because the first month of the lunar calendar and the return year are not complete days, calendar months must be divided into large months and small months, and calendar years must be divided into normal and leap years. Through the proper collocation and arrangement of big month and small month, flat year and leap year, the average calendar month is equal to the new moon, or the average calendar year is equal to the tropic year.

This is the main content of the calendar. The origin of a year is that the earth goes around the sun once.

The total length is 365 days and 1/4 days (365.2422 days), that is, 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds, which is called "Tropic of Cancer Year". For the convenience of application, the calendar year does not adopt the tropic year, but adopts the whole number of days.

The Gregorian calendar has an average of 365 days in a year, 366 years in leap years, one leap in four years and one leap in a hundred years. An annual calendar expressed by the number of whole days is called a "calendar year". The lunar calendar is based on the new moon * * *1February, and a year is 354 days.

There is a leap year every three years. The leap year is 383 days or 384 days.

One year is another cycle of climate change, the climate changes from cold to hot, and then from hot to cold; This includes the whole process of people engaged in agriculture from farming to harvesting. Therefore, since ancient times, people have taken the natural law of climate cold and hot cycles as the big unit for calculating time, and one year as the basis for making calendars.

A month is when the moon goes around the earth, that is, the new moon. The length of a new moon is 29.5059.

On the 29th, 12: 44: 3, this is called "calendar month".

As we all know, the moon is a sphere. Because it goes around the earth and follows the earth around the sun, the position of the moon to the earth and the sun is constantly changing. Sometimes there are, sometimes there are, sometimes there are no, sometimes there are many, sometimes there are few, forming a circle of the moon. When we can't see the moon, it is called the "new moon" (mostly on the first and thirtieth day of the lunar calendar).

In 14 or 15 days, we will see a moon called "Wang" (mostly on 14, 15 and 16 days of the lunar calendar). From this new moon to the next, or from this time to the next, the moon revolves around the earth once, that is, for a month. We call it "the first moon".

Everyone can see the law of the moon's periodic change, so people have long regarded it as the unit for calculating days and the moon as the basis for making calendars. A month in the lunar calendar is determined according to the new moon.

A day is the time when the earth rotates once, that is, one day plus one night, that is, 24 hours. The earth is oval, so it can't shine. At the same time, only half of the earth faces the sun, which is daytime, and the side of the earth facing away from the sun cannot shine on the earth, which is night.

Because the earth is constantly rotating, it forms a regular cycle of day and night. The time when the sun is about to rise is usually called daytime, which is the beginning of the day.

When the day becomes night, that is, when the sun goes down, it is called night. A day usually refers to the changing law of this astronomical phenomenon, which is easy to be grasped by people and used as the basic unit for calculating time.

A day is the first unit in the calendar. This day set by the sun is called "Sun Day".

There are two kinds of solar days: "true solar day" and "flat solar day". Real solar days are long and short, because the earth's orbit around the sun is elliptical. In winter, the earth is farther away from the sun, so the revolution speed is slower.

The speed of the earth's revolution is fast or slow, so the time of the day is long or short. Therefore, the time of "true sun day" is not exactly the same, and it is very difficult to use.

For convenience, the calendar is not a real solar day, but a day with a constant length. This day is the average length of a real solar day in a year, which is called "flat solar day". According to the current practice, a day is divided into 24 equal parts, which is 24 hours.

2. What about the contents of the handwritten newspaper?

According to the alternation of day and night caused by the rotation of the earth, people formed the concept of "day". According to the concept that the moon revolves around the earth to form a "moon" and the concept that the seasons alternate to form a "year" caused by the earth's revolution around the sun.

The material movements on which these three concepts are based are independent of each other. According to accurate measurement, the time for the earth to go around the sun is about 365.

2422 flat sun day, this is called the tropic of cancer. The time interval from one new moon to the next is 29.

5306 flat sun day, this is called the new moon. Taking the tropical year as the unit, how many integer months are arranged in a year, how many integer days are arranged in a month, and how to choose the starting point of a year are all called calendars.

The complexity of the calendar problem lies in the fact that the tropical year and the new moon are too fragmented, and their relationship with "day" is not as simple as the relationship between kilometers and meters; Besides, they can't communicate with each other. Therefore, calendars always pay attention to one thing and lose sight of another, and it is impossible to coordinate two cycles at the same time.

For these two reasons, calendars are generally divided into three categories; Lunar calendar, solar calendar, lunar calendar. The solar calendar, which focuses on coordinating the relationship between Wang Shuo and the calendar, is referred to as the solar calendar for short; The lunar calendar, which takes the moon, tropic year, calendar month and calendar year into account, is called the yin-yang calendar.

No matter what kind of calendar, there is a problem of coordinating the relationship between calendar day period and astronomical period. In principle, the calendar month should be equal to the new moon, and the calendar year should be equal to the Tropic of Cancer.

However, because the first month of the lunar calendar and the return year are not complete days, calendar months must be divided into large months and small months, and calendar years must be divided into normal and leap years. Through the proper collocation and arrangement of big month and small month, flat year and leap year, the average calendar month is equal to the new moon, or the average calendar year is equal to the tropic year.

This is the main content of the calendar. The origin of a year is that the earth goes around the sun once.

The total length is 365 days and 1/4 days (365. 2422), that is, 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds, this year is called "the year of the Tropic of Cancer".

For the convenience of application, the calendar year does not adopt the tropic year, but adopts the whole number of days. The Gregorian calendar has an average of 365 days in a year, 366 years in leap years, one leap in four years and one leap in a hundred years.

An annual calendar expressed by the number of whole days is called a "calendar year". The lunar calendar is based on the new moon * * *1February, and a year is 354 days. There is a leap year every three years.

The leap year is 383 days or 384 days. One year is another cycle of climate change, the climate changes from cold to hot, and then from hot to cold; This includes the whole process of people engaged in agriculture from farming to harvesting.

Therefore, since ancient times, people have taken the natural law of climate cold and hot cycles as the big unit for calculating time, and one year as the basis for making calendars. A month is when the moon goes around the earth, that is, the new moon.

The length of the new moon is 29. 53059。

On the 29th, 12: 44: 3, this is called "calendar month".

As we all know, the moon is a sphere. Because it goes around the earth and follows the earth around the sun, the position of the moon to the earth and the sun is constantly changing. Sometimes there are, sometimes there are, sometimes there are no, sometimes there are many, sometimes there are few, forming a circle of the moon. When we can't see the moon, it is called the "new moon" (mostly on the first and thirtieth day of the lunar calendar).

In 14 or 15 days, we will see a moon called "Wang" (mostly on 14, 15 and 16 days of the lunar calendar). From this new moon to the next, or from this time to the next, the moon revolves around the earth once, that is, for a month. We call it "the first moon".

Everyone can see the law of the moon's periodic change, so people have long regarded it as the unit for calculating days and the moon as the basis for making calendars. A month in the lunar calendar is determined according to the new moon.

A day is the time when the earth rotates once, that is, one day plus one night, that is, 24 hours. The earth is oval, so it can't shine. At the same time, only half of the earth faces the sun, which is daytime, and the side of the earth facing away from the sun cannot shine on the earth, which is night.

Because the earth is constantly rotating, it forms a regular cycle of day and night. The time when the sun is about to rise is usually called daytime, which is the beginning of the day.

When the day becomes night, that is, when the sun goes down, it is called night. A day usually refers to the changing law of this astronomical phenomenon, which is easy to be grasped by people and used as the basic unit for calculating time.

A day is the first unit in the calendar. This day set by the sun is called "Sun Day".

There are two kinds of solar days: "true solar day" and "flat solar day". Real solar days are long and short, because the earth's orbit around the sun is elliptical. In winter, the earth is farther away from the sun, so the revolution speed is slower.

The speed of the earth's revolution is fast or slow, so the time of the day is long or short. Therefore, the time of "true sun day" is not exactly the same, and it is very difficult to use.

For convenience, the calendar is not a real solar day, but a day with a constant length. This day is the average length of a real solar day in a year, which is called "flat solar day". According to the current practice, a day is divided into 24 equal parts, which is 24 hours.

3. Knowledge about the year, month and day

Mathematical formula: formula 1: jump in four years, not jump in a hundred years, and jump again in four hundred years.

Formula 2: One, three, five, seven, eight, ten, twelve and thirty-one days are never bad;

The fourth, sixth, ninth, eleventh and thirtieth days;

Seven months in my heart, the first seven months and the last eight months;

February 28th in a normal year and February 29th in a leap year.

Do you know these festivals?

New Year's Day: 65438+1October1; Arbor Day: March12; Women's Day: April 8th.

Labor Day: May1; Children's Day: June1; Party's birthday: July 1.

Army Day: August1; Teacher's Day: September10; National Day: 65438+1 October1

Hong Kong's return:1July 9971; Macao's return:199965438+February 20th.

Beijing Olympic Games: August 8, 2008

4. Knowledge of Year, Month and Day

This paper introduces the knowledge about years, months, days and other time units, so that students can understand the years, months and days of time units by observing the almanac, and then introduces the judgment methods of flat years and leap years, as well as the fist memory method (135780, thirty-one days is not bad) and the big moon song memory method, and finally calculates the days of flat years and leap years.

People all have such common sense that there are different months in the Gregorian calendar, that is, there are such provisions in the Gregorian calendar months: "April, June, September and 165438+ 10 have 30 days, and other months have 3 1 day, except for February, which has only 28 days."

The size of the moon began in Caesar's time in the Roman Empire. At that time, Caesar sent someone to modify the calendar and enacted the julian calendar Law, stipulating that all months with special religious significance are 365,438+0 days, and all unimportant months are 30 days. Therefore, the month of 1, March named after the god of war, and July named to show respect for Julius Caesar all have 3 1 day. Because February is an unlucky month for executing prisoners, there are only 29 days. Julius Caesar's successor Augustus's birthday is in August. In order to be on an equal footing with Caesar, he asked to increase August to 3 1 day. In order to make August have 3 1 day, he borrowed another day from February and reduced it to 28 days. In order to avoid the connection of the three big months, it is stipulated that September and 165438+ 10 each have 30 days, and 10 and1February are extended to 3 1 day.

In the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar), a year with leap days is called leap year, which is generally 365 days and 366 days. Because the earth's cycle around the sun is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds (365,438+09 days), which is the tropic year, the Gregorian calendar defines a year as 365 days, which is called a normal year. The remaining time is about one day in four years, plus February, so the normal year is 365 days, February is 28 days, leap year is 366 days, and February is 29 days. So every 400 years, there are 97 leap years, with one day added at the end of February and 366 days in leap years. Calculation method of leap year: the number of years in the calendar year can be divisible by four, which is a leap year; Divided by 100 but not divided by 400 is an average year; Leap years can be divisible by 100 or 400. For example, 2000 is a leap year, and 1900 is not.

Because a multi-digit, if the last two digits can be divisible by 4, then this number can also be divisible by 4, so you can make a judgment by dividing the last two digits of the year by 4. 1998 is it a flat year or a leap year? Use 98 ÷ 4 = 24...2, so 1998 is the normal year. If the year is 100 years, only the first two digits of the year can be divided by 4, (the dividend and divisor are reduced by 100 times at the same time, and the quotient remains unchanged. ) Is 2400 a normal year or a leap year? Use 24÷4=6, so 2400 is a leap year. . February is neither a big moon nor a small moon. This is a special month. A year with 28 days in February is usually called a flat year, and a year with 29 days is called a leap year.

5. Knowledge about year, month and day

Knowledge about year, month and day [knowledge points] 1, know big month, small month, normal year and leap year; 2. Calculate the number of days in the past; 1[ Memory] years are divided into normal years and leap years; Month is divided into big month, small month and special February.

There are 365 days in a normal year and 366 days in a leap year. (The big months are: 65438+ 10, March, May, July, August, 65438+ 10, 65438+February (7); Abortions are: April, June, September, 165438+ October) (4) February in a normal year has 28 days, and February in a leap year has 29 days.

The consecutive big months are July and August, or 65438+February and 65438+1October. The number of days in two consecutive months is 6 1 day, one of which is a big month and the other is a small month.

3.4.5. Various festivals: 1 October New Year's Day 1, March Arbor Day 12, May International Labor Day 1, June International Children's Day 1, August Army Day1,and July Party Day. 6. Usually there are three normal years and 1 leap year every four years.

The Gregorian calendar year is a multiple of 4, usually a leap year. The Gregorian calendar year is a whole hundred, and it must be a multiple of 400. It is a leap year (AD 800, 1200, 1.

6. Date information and knowledge

In 46 BC, when the Roman emperor Caesar revised the calendar, it was stipulated that every year was 12 months, and 1 month, March, May, July, September,1month was designated as the big month, and every month was 3 1 day. Other months are designated as abortion, 30 days per month. However, according to this regulation, a year is 366 days, so you have to find a month to deduct one day. At that time, all prisoners sentenced to death were executed in February, so people hoped that February would pass quickly. So February was deducted for one day. So, there are 29 days left in February.

Later, a man named Auguste became the emperor of Rome. He found that Caesar was born in July, which is a big month, and he was born in August, which is a small month. In order to show that he has the same dignity as the previous emperor, he also designated August as the big moon and changed it to 3 1 day. But what if there is one more day? So February subtracts one day, leaving 28 days in February.