After reading a certain work, everyone must have gained a lot. It's time to go back and write a review. So how should I write my thoughts after reading? The following is my collection of 1500 words of excellent essays on the Republic, hoping to help you.
The outstanding thought of the Republic 1500 words 1 the back cover of the Republic impressively reads "the origin of the Republic, the origin of western philosophy", which shows that the immortal position of the Republic in the history of western philosophy can be compared with China's Analects of Confucius, but if it is compared with Zhouyi and Morality,
When reading the literature last semester, I often saw scholars quoting Plato's Republic, thinking that Plato's Republic can't be bypassed without going in. After borrowing it, I read a few pages, but I didn't care much, so I put it on the shelf and didn't have the patience to finish reading it. Because the epidemic was delayed for half a year. After returning to school, I decided to pick it up again, read it carefully and take notes. Only in this way can I know something about it.
Plato said that the soul has three components, namely reason, desire and passion. Only under the control of reason and passion can desire not destroy a person. At the same time, it attaches great importance to the noble quality of the mind or soul, while ignoring the desire of the body. It can be said that Plato is the initiator of the dualism of mind and body in western philosophy. This idiom is not appropriate, but it is true that Plato's thought of "preserving righteousness and destroying human desires" cultivated the soul or soul, which may arouse the vigilance of the deaf and the world at that time. But today, we all know that this is wrong, but it still makes sense.
The charm of great works is that even wrong judgments will be inspired and quoted by generations. What I don't understand is what Plato meant by arousal. In other words, if you use another word instead of passion, which word will be more appropriate? Is it motivation or faith or something? I never understood.
Plato has the most classic theory of point metaphor, which is widely circulated. Every time I read this, I feel like I'm not from a cave. Looking at my self-righteous image in my narrow cognitive world, I think I have seen the world clearly. But when I bravely walked out of the cave and saw the real sun and the world, I realized that I was just a frog in the well, with very little knowledge. Everything that used to be haggle over every ounce was much ado about nothing, not worth mentioning.
What can lead people to turn their bodies and souls, get out of narrow misunderstandings and see the real world close to the truth is the best. The best is like the creator of sunshine, leading people to the bright road of rationality, wisdom and justice. Lao Tzu also talked about goodness. The so-called goodness is like water, which nourishes everything without dispute. At the same time, water is amorphous and flows day and night, just like the endless pursuit of truth.
Isn't the purpose of education to make students' body and mind change from visible to knowable, and guide students to constantly break through cognitive limitations and pursue truth and supreme wisdom?
In fact, every one of us, like the people in the cave, is sometimes deceived by our own eyes and other senses, believing the visible world images as true, thinking that they are all real-world things, and being passionate, resentful and worried about them. However, when you really pursue truth and perfection, your body and soul turn, and you get out of your narrow cognition, you can get rid of yourself step by step and connect with the real and perfect world, and you can gradually get rid of the shackles of cognition, become a free man who is unrestrained, broad-minded and independent-minded, and reach the realm of "the knower is not confused, the benevolent is not worried, and the brave is not afraid". For us ordinary people, it is not easy to truly be a happy know life.
Plato's The King of Philosophy is also very interesting. Plato thinks that philosophers are useless (I personally think so), which seems to be the most despised waste. However, due to the lack of rights, virtue has been developed purely and comprehensively. If the people love and philosophers govern the country for the king, then the country will prosper. On the contrary, philosophers are unpopular, and everyone struggles for power and profit. Philosophers are the most useless waste in this muddy society and have to hide in the mountains.
Plato's philosopher is quite similar to the hermit in ancient China. Prosperous times enter the phase, and troubled times hide mountains. He regarded the sage inside and the king outside as the highest ideal pursuit of scholars, and if he learned well, he would be an official.
What I mentioned above is what I feel most strongly after reading the Republic. After reading it, I also feel that it is very enlightening to my life. Even if philosophy is metaphysical, it is as unclear as artificial intelligence now, but the rise and start of philosophy is not between the bending and pitching of people who love wisdom.
Finally, if I have to hide my thoughts, I will sincerely mention these key words: equal dialogue, logical argument, analogy metaphor, duality of body and mind, soul turning, visibility and knowledge, and philosophy is king. Of course, there are other more important elements, so I won't explain them here. Of course, what I said above is also my personal feeling. If there is anything wrong, please tell me!
In my opinion, philosopher is a very advanced title. Although I can't reach it, my heart yearns for it. As a mediocre person, the original intention of loving philosophy is nothing more than to let oneself no longer be troubled by mediocrity, to find a home for one's body and mind, a clean home that is not disturbed by mediocrity-in a word, loving philosophy is for the poetic dwelling of the soul!
The influence of the classic "Republic" lies not in the unconstrained sentences or inspiring judgments, but in its dazzling flash to the dark and closed conceptual world of the world.
He put forward a proposition, and he gave a hypothesis, which gave space to later thinkers and provided countless social system possibilities for future generations. He's Plato! The earliest contact with Plato should be in the political history textbook of high school. At that time, his ideological contact was very shallow, and his political discourse on the state system and related politics never involved. Once again, I learned that Plato was in the Republic, full of philosophical opinions and political thoughts, and constructed the earliest utopia in human history.
Regarding the social division of labor, Plato thinks that citizens of polis can be divided into three categories: philosophers endowed with the highest rationality are made of gold by God, and they are legislators and guardians of utopia; Soldiers endowed with will, brave and good at fighting are made of silver and are the guardians of the country; Only the producers of erotic nature are made of copper and iron by God. They are self-disciplined, control their passions and endure hardships. They are at the bottom, serving the rulers and their assistants. From the perspective of individuals and polis, he thought that polis should be led by philosophers and ruled by soldiers. But we know very well that history was never created by the emperor, but was summed up by the working people in history. Putting producers at the bottom, it is easy to ignore the role of producers in social history. The view that the ruler of a country should be a philosopher is out of date now. This view may exaggerate the status and quality of philosophers, but it accurately expresses the quality that a national leader should have and has certain reference significance.
Regarding justice, he believes that the justice of the polis means "we choose other people, arrange their careers according to their talents, abandon their shortcomings, use their strengths, and let them concentrate on a subject all their lives, strive for perfection, and lose no time." This is because we want to build a city-state, because each of us can't achieve self-sufficiency on our own, and we need many things. Plato emphasized the social division of labor: everyone should do his own work according to God-given nature and not interfere in other people's affairs. For the polis, it means that the three levels do their jobs and do their best. In fact, in today's society, this kind of "justice" has also been confirmed: only by ensuring that everyone does what he is best at can we maximize efficiency and create more means of production and living, thus promoting the progress of the whole country and the whole human society. Justice is never empty, it is reflected in everyone doing his own thing in his post, and everyone has a "ingenuity".
Regarding education, The Republic tells us that "the best man must be combined with the best woman as much as possible" and that "children should be born when their parents are young and strong". To some extent, this concept caters to modern people's views on spouse selection and parenting, and it is a more scientific view.
The Republic emphasizes the importance of early education: "Music and literature education in childhood is the most important", and the preconceived ideas accepted in early years are always deeply rooted and difficult to change. In order to cultivate virtue, children should first hear the best stories. Therefore, Plato attached importance to the quality education of children. However, Plato also suggested that children should not be forced to learn, but should be entertained through games, so that children can better understand their own essence in games. This makes us wonder whether the current exam-oriented education has brought too much compulsion to children and stifled the nature of most children. At the same time, he also defined the continuous process of education, and discussed the education in all stages and aspects of life, including the education of children, adolescents, middle-aged and elderly people, school education and social education, which reflected that education should maintain continuity and consistency. This concept coincides with China's ancient concept of never too old to learn. In addition, Plato also embodies the idea of equality between men and women. He believes that women should be educated like men. I have to say that this idea was very rare more than 2,000 years ago. But it is doubtful that in an ideal country, the educated can only receive education that is beneficial to the country. This inevitably makes education a tool of state rule and an ideological rule. Education should not have anything to do with politics. Educated people can choose what they want from many useful and useless subjects and knowledge according to their own wishes and understanding.
"Politicians should be philosophers, philosophers should be politicians, and politicians should be the king of philosophy", which is Plato's lifelong pursuit; The individual is the epitome of the city-state, and the city-state is the amplification of the individual, which needs the high unity and harmony of citizens, so everyone's role in society is particularly important. The politicization of education also serves the purification of the polis. In an ideal country, a just city-state is to achieve the highest goodness, and everyone does his job and does his best. As we know, ancient Greece was in a state of social division and chaos, the rulers were ignorant and incompetent, and the people's character deteriorated. Plato's plan to transform citizens and change city-states is doomed to be impossible in real life. However, its philosophical wisdom and political essence give future generations foresight.
After reading the Republic, 1500 words are excellent. Almost everyone who knows Plato knows the book The Republic. This book not only records the economy, politics and culture of ancient Greece in detail, but also expresses Plato's philosophy and political ideal in a dialogue way. It is a treasure in the history of world philosophy and politics. This semester, I carefully read the electronic magazine version of the Republic, and I felt both enlightening and disapproving.
Reading this book will be impressed by Socrates' wise and profound thinking. His sophistry not only makes it difficult for opponents to parry, but also makes it difficult for readers to keep up with his quick and witty thinking. Plato expressed his objective idealism philosophy step by step through Socrates' debate. At the same time, he established a series of systems and regulations by debating the philosophy, morality, politics, economy, culture and art of the city-state, and constantly improved them in the debate, gradually established his blueprint of "ideal country" and showed his political ideal to the world.
The Republic conveys the author's political ideal. Plato's ideal country should be essentially a slave country of feudal nobles. This country must be wise, brave, gentle and just. In this ideal city-state, people are divided into three classes: aristocratic rulers who master philosophy, samurai classes who master force, and ordinary people who are slaves. Plato believes that state power should be in the hands of philosophers, and philosophers must be people who have the wisdom and ability to protect the country and really care about national interests. Only in this way can it be beneficial to the justice of the polis. Brave soldiers should strive to maintain the security of the city-state and safeguard any decision of the rulers. At the same time, he believes that the relationship between the ruler and the ruled should be harmonious and unified, and the ruled should obey all the policies of the ruler, so as to realize the doctrine of the mean and justice. This ideal blueprint described by Plato is full of longing and is yearned for by later idealists.
As before, after reading this, I have some different views from Plato. Plato believes that in order to strengthen ideological rule, all artists should be controlled to prevent them from depicting evil, debauchery, meanness and filth in paintings or sculptures, or in architecture or any works of art. "Whoever refuses to obey is not allowed to exist in the city-state." However, I think: good and evil, beauty and ugliness, justice and evil all exist correspondingly in the world. Because there is evil, people can feel good; Because of ugliness, people can appreciate beauty; Because of evil, people pursue justice. It is impossible to abandon all negative foods and keep only positive ones. Pursuing extremes will only backfire. Both art and thought are rich, comprehensive and profound, which is most conducive to personnel training and social development. Therefore, perhaps we should not excessively pursue the unity and monotony of social thoughts, and people's thoughts cannot be suppressed forever.
The Republic interprets Plato's philosophy of objective idealism. Plato believes that the ideal society and the real society constitute the world in which we live. The ideal society is real and in an eternal state, but the world that human beings feel is only the shadow of the ideal society, which is weak and unreal. The world people feel is made up of phenomena, which are constantly changing under the action of time and space. Based on this theory, Plato put forward a unique epistemology including idealism and epistemology to guide his philosophical course. Plato, as the founder of western objective idealism, wrote and circulated a wealth of philosophical works and created a profound philosophical system of objective idealism, which had a great influence on later philosophy. The Republic is almost an encyclopedia of philosophy, and most of it is written in dialogue style, with beautiful writing and meticulous thinking. Plato thinks that the world we live in can be divided into perceptual world and conceptual world. Only knowledgeable people can accurately distinguish concrete things from conceptual things, because they can truly realize beauty. Plato believes that goodness is the reason for the existence of all ideas in the world of ideas, and it is the highest idea. As a materialist, I always feel that the world is materialistic and everything is developing and changing. People can know things in the world subjectively and actively, but people's understanding will be influenced by different factors such as position, knowledge and world outlook. Although Plato and I have very different worldviews, we are both grateful, keenly aware of goodness and beauty, and we have the same heart for their praise.
Reading this book, we can not only understand the political system, economic situation, customs and customs of ancient Greece, but also cultivate some philosophical thinking with the help of Socrates' debate, understand the way philosophers think about problems and treat life to a certain extent, and learn a lot about dealing with people. These are all great inspirations for me. I benefited a lot from reading this book.
Excellent Thought of The Republic 1500 words 4 When I picked up the book The Republic, I was really at a loss, but as long as I savored it carefully, I would find the truth.
In the Republic, the focus of discussion is the philosophy of justice. Socrates had a fierce confrontation with fallows, Polje Máthōs, Salahmas and other wise men. They successively discussed the viewpoints that "paying debts is justice", "justice is to give everyone proper rewards", "justice is good for friends and bad for enemies" and "justice is the interests of the strong". Socrates refuted them one by one and finally got the real concept of justice. However, the article does not only focus on the discussion of individual justice, Plato actually focuses on the justice of the city-state. In The Republic, Plato thought that justice was the principle of an ideal city-state, and summarized this principle as: "Everyone must fulfill an obligation that is most in line with his nature in the country", or "Everyone should do his own duty as a person and not interfere with others' obligations", that is, each should do his duty and do his duty. Of course, Plato's polis is not the so-called equality of all beings, but a country where everyone is equal without class and oppression. His so-called polis is hierarchical, that is, the polis is divided into rulers, soldiers and laborers. The so-called "doing one's duty, doing one's duty" means that rulers, soldiers and laborers perform their duties and do not overstep each other.
At the same time, there is the idea of harmonious division of labor and mutual assistance and cooperation. Justice of polis is the standard of Plato's utopia. Without the justice of the city-state, utopia will become a so-called castle in the air. Perhaps this kind of "doing one's duty, doing one's duty" is incompatible with the equality and freedom advocated by everyone now, and perhaps there is a color of autocracy and authoritarianism. However, there is specialization in the art, and a person's life is limited. It is impossible to exhaust all knowledge, and he can only make achievements in the fields he is interested in and dedicated to. For example, let Einstein paint oil paintings and Beethoven make inventions, which will slide to the world.
How did Plato establish the idea that politicians should be the king of philosophy? According to historical data, Plato should have experienced the decline of democracy in Athens after the death of his teacher, and only then did he sprout the idea that politicians should be "the king of philosophy". During the period of 12, he traveled to realize his ideal regime. Achitai, the leader of local democratic regime and the main representative of Pythagoras school, met during his visit to Tarantamu, which provided a realistic prototype for his ideal of "king of philosophy". Aqitai himself is not only an outstanding politician and military commander, but also an outstanding thinker, and is supported and loved by the local people. He is a pioneer of many knowledge groups, especially in mathematics and mechanics. Under the leadership of Aqitai, Tarantamu promoted a moderate democracy with political stability, economic development and cultural progress. Plato was deeply impressed by Taranta's political system and Achitai's personality and knowledge.
It can be said that the communication and friendship between Plato and Aqitai further strengthened his belief in the "king of philosophy" and Plato's persistent pursuit of an ideal regime. Only when a politician is a philosopher can he truly understand what is true justice, how to make the governance of the country more coordinated and orderly, and how to make the people live and work in peace and contentment better. The country led by the king of philosophy is governed by sages, virtue and intellectual dictatorship. The responsibilities of the king of philosophy have also been preliminarily determined, namely, establishing city-states, making laws and supervising education. In a debate class, Yang said that it is not advisable for a politician to be the king of philosophy. I think it is desirable, but it is basically impossible in reality. It is a distant dream for a politician to be a philosopher, that is, the "king of philosophy", and it is only an aesthetic ideal.
A country can have several true pure philosophers. Even if such people really exist, how many people have real political talents to save the country? Then again, philosophers are more arrogant and can't tolerate the filth of the world. Whether they can survive in the political environment first and then transform it is another question. Moreover, even if such people really exist, can they really be elected? The current democratic situation still cannot satisfy us, let alone elect a philosophical king. Will ordinary people buy it? Can they accept it? The ideal is always beautiful, but it may be greatly discounted when it comes to reality. However, it is impossible for a person or a country to have no real ideal, otherwise, as small as a national people's congress, as large as a country, it will lose the direction of forging ahead. Therefore, only when a country walks on the road with this dream will it not stagnate and lose the course of struggle!
Plato's Republic has been published for thousands of years, but it is still the focus of discussion. What a big ideological baptism!
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