First, cultivate students' interest in learning
Interest is the best teacher, and interest in learning is an important psychological component of learning motivation, a great motivation for students to learn consciously, and a prerequisite for learning mathematics effectively. Psychological research shows that: "A strong interest in learning can make various organs and brains in the most active state, receive information best, effectively induce learning motivation, urge them to consciously concentrate and devote themselves to learning activities, and restrain fatigue in the arduous learning process. Produce a happy mood. " The specific operation is as follows:
1. Describe boring concepts with vivid examples to make more abstract content popular. The main reason why junior high school students are tired of learning mathematics is that their learning purpose is not clear, and they regard mathematics as a passive acceptance without active demand. The descriptions of various concepts are both boring and tasteless. To make the abstract content concrete and easy to understand, it is necessary to dig up the material from the blunt, such as: by watching exhibitions, field trips and other forms, let students understand the relationship between learning and the construction of the motherland; Combined with the teaching materials, this paper introduces the anecdotes of famous people in the history of mathematics.
2. Starting from a good opportunity, based on inducing students' interest in learning. Students should be curious, that is, curious. With curiosity, their interest in learning arises spontaneously. Students' thirst for new knowledge and curiosity about the unknown are a starting point to stimulate their interest in learning.
Second, cultivate students' habit of preview before class.
Middle school students often have strong dependence on teachers and poor independence, especially in math learning. In mathematics learning, most students are satisfied with the habit of "feeding" and always think that teachers will teach mathematics rules. Therefore, most students do not have the habit of previewing new math courses. After a survey of freshmen, only about 5% students will preview new lessons, and preview only the texts and examples. Few students seriously understand the difficulties in this class and find their own confusion through preview, so good habits can benefit a person for life. Preview is a good habit of learning, and preview before class saves teachers unnecessary teaching time. Therefore, how to prepare well before class is the most important thing, but the preparation before class is not to let students read textbooks aimlessly, but to achieve the following goals through the preparation before class: to let students know the main contents of textbooks, to be familiar with the contents of the new curriculum, to use the existing knowledge and skills to solve some simple problems in the new curriculum, and to attend classes with problems at the same time, to improve the effect of listening to lectures and to further understand and master the contents of the new curriculum. Therefore, to gradually cultivate students' self-study ability, we must do a good job in preview. Teachers should always guide students to learn concepts, theorems and examples by means of comparison, classification, comparison, induction and reasoning according to the characteristics of mathematics subjects and students, and try by "looking at problems, analyzing, thinking, answering, comparing and reviewing". Generally speaking, the self-study method before class can be summarized as: "Reading. Give full play to students' main role in reading, thinking, writing and practice. After the introduction of the new curriculum, because students have previewed the new curriculum, most students have a basic understanding of the content of the new curriculum, and even some students have mastered the new curriculum to a considerable extent. Therefore, the content of the new course can be solved by students through mutual discussion or under the guidance of teachers, and then consolidated exercises can be carried out. Through practice, we can introduce some easy mistakes or other problem-solving methods. In classroom teaching and practice, we should try our best to make students read what they can understand; After thinking about the problems that can be solved, let the students think for themselves; Problems can be solved through discussion, so let students discuss and think clearly by themselves; Let students do homework that can be done independently. In short, the key is to give full play to students' subjective initiative, so that students can change the passive learning process into a process of using their own brains and acquiring knowledge in person.
Third, strengthen extracurricular guidance for students.
The cultivation of students' self-study ability is a long process, and teachers must persistently organize and guide after class. You can tell students more extracurricular knowledge, such as "interesting questions, rapid brain changes" and so on. Through these interesting reading materials, students can have a strong interest in new knowledge, which can broaden their knowledge field. At the same time, teachers should also teach students good learning methods, such as reading methods, guide students to read with questions, ask questions while reading, and ask more why; Another example is the mnemonic method. Important concepts and properties should be remembered, and laws should be found on the basis of understanding. Another example is the application method, which allows students to use it skillfully and flexibly and creatively. Through these extracurricular learning methods, students can gradually master the methods of acquiring knowledge and improve their mathematics literacy.
Fourth, strengthen supervision and pay attention to the timely feedback of self-study information.
According to the physical and psychological characteristics of junior high school students, junior high school students are in the transition period from children to youth, which is a complex contradiction period of independence and dependence, consciousness and naivety. Therefore, first of all, we should pay full attention to their independence and consciousness, respect them, don't treat them as "children", let them practice boldly, actively encourage and support them to learn by themselves in the way they like, encourage and praise their advantages and progress in a timely and appropriate manner, and give guidance, supervision and accurate criticism to the problems and shortcomings exposed in their self-study.
The ancients said, "Giving people fish is just for a meal, and giving people fish will last forever." It is an important measure to improve students' mathematics literacy to attach importance to and carry out the cultivation of students' mathematics self-study ability in a planned way, and its influence will be enormous and far-reaching. We must take it seriously, actively explore, constantly improve students' mathematical self-ability and cultivate a new generation of high-quality people with all-round development.