A large number of outstanding philosophers and scientists emerged in ancient Greece, creating immeasurable scientific achievements. First of all, the achievement in mathematics is Thales' Geometry. Thales' epoch-making contribution in mathematics is the introduction of his proposition proof thought. It broke the tradition that knowledge is based on experience, and knowledge began to rise from experience to theory, which is a great leap in the history of mathematics. Logical proof is introduced into mathematics, which endows mathematical propositions with strong persuasiveness and makes mathematics a strict scientific system, providing guidance for the later development of mathematics.

2. Biology and Medicine

Aristotle, the philosopher who made the greatest contribution to biology in early ancient Greece, was the first person to classify biology and founded the "biological ladder theory". He attaches importance to observing and dissecting all kinds of animals. "He believes that there are three main forms of animal reproduction, one is natural, such as mosquitoes and lice, the other is asexual reproduction, such as shells and starfish, and the third is sexual reproduction, such as dogs and cats.

Early medical achievements, "the great rational medical school represented by Hippocrates liberated medicine from religious superstition, conducted medical research and medical behavior with a truly scientific attitude, systematized human medical knowledge in the past, put forward new concepts and theories, and laid the foundation of European medicine. ''。 For example, he put forward the theory of body fluid, that is, people are composed of blood, mucus, jaundice and jaundice. Only when the four fluids are operating normally can people be in a healthy state, otherwise, people will get sick.

3. Physics

First of all, in physics, Aristotle was the first person to make a thorough and systematic study of physical phenomena. He systematically explored and studied the time and space of object motion. "He called all the changes of the object movement, and mainly studied the movement of the spatial position of the object. He also put forward the concepts of natural motion and unnatural motion and the hypothesis that there is no void in nature. His understanding is the starting point of absolute space and absolute motion. Secondly, Archimedes made outstanding contributions to mechanics. Not only did he make amazing contributions to mathematics and mechanics, but his scientific research method combining experiments with logical argumentation also had epoch-making significance.

Finally, ancient Greece also made some achievements in optics and acoustics, and acoustic knowledge also played a scientific role in the huge buildings of ancient Rome.