The English name Matrix means the uterus, the mother, and the place where life was born. At the same time, in mathematics, matrix is used to represent statistical data and other related data. This definition well explains the mathematical and logical basis of the manufacturing world of matrix codes.

Mathematically, a matrix is a square matrix composed of coefficients and constants of an equation. It is convenient and intuitive to use it to solve linear equations. For example, for systems of equations.

a 1x+b 1y+c 1z = d 1

a2x+b2y+c2z=d2

a3x+b3y+c3z=d3

Generally speaking, we can form a matrix:

/ \

|a 1 b 1 c 1 |

| |

|a2 b2 c2 |

| |

|a3 b3 c3 |

\ /

Because these numbers are regularly arranged together and shaped like rectangles, mathematicians call them matrices. By transforming the matrix, the solution of the equation can be obtained.

The concrete concept of matrix was first put forward by the British mathematician Kelly in the19th century, and formed the systematic theory of matrix algebra.

Mathematically, m×n matrix is a rectangular array with M rows and N columns. A matrix consists of numbers or, more generally, elements in a ring.

Matrix is very common in linear algebra, linear programming, statistical analysis and combinatorial mathematics. Please refer to matrix theory.