Interpretation of the basic structure of the discipline:
The so-called "discipline basic structure", Bruner explained, refers to the basic concepts and principles of the discipline and their interrelations, refers to the integrity of knowledge and the universal connection of things, rather than isolated facts and fragmentary knowledge conclusions, such as biological orientation, algebraic commutative law, distribution law and associative law, English structural rules and sentences in English teaching, etc.
Unified structure:
He believes that any subject has its basic structure, and any facts, arguments, ideas and concepts related to the subject can be continuously incorporated into a unified structure.
Importance of the basic structure of disciplines;
This basic structure is a scientific factor that students must master and should be the core of the teaching process, because if students master the basic structure of subject knowledge slowly, they can face and go deep into new knowledge fields independently, so as to constantly and independently understand new problems and increase new knowledge. This is very important in the era of "knowledge explosion".
Background:
After World War II, science and technology developed rapidly, and the new technological revolution represented by the birth and application of electronic computers is changing the world people live in. The speed of knowledge updating is accelerated, the amount of information is rapidly increased, and the cycle of knowledge materialization is greatly shortened, which has become a new feature of the times.
The development of science and technology and the intensification of social change require education to make corresponding adjustments and changes. As Bruner said, "The rapid social changes we are in have forced us to reconsider how to train the younger generation."
To Americans, the satellite of the former Soviet Union was nothing more than a blockbuster of 1957, which shocked the government and the public. The American ruling group began to realize clearly that the United States has fallen far behind the Soviet Union in training talents and developing cutting-edge technology.
They attributed the main reason to education, and thought that the backwardness of disturbing education directly led to the defeat of the United States in the competition. A member of parliament even exclaimed: "Russian classrooms and libraries, laboratories and teaching methods may pose a greater threat to us than their hydrogen bombs!"
Since then, American education has received unprecedented attention, and the educational theory and practice under the guidance of Dewey's pragmatism and American progressive thought have been attacked from all sides. Americans believe that it is this "loose" education that undermines the scientific development of the United States, accusing it of paying too much attention to teaching methods and neglecting educational content, and paying too much attention to the care of children's personality and neglecting the teaching of subject knowledge.
They accused Sen Qing that the low-quality general education in the United States hindered the development of higher education, affected the quantity and quality of scientific and technological personnel training, and led to a low level of science and technology. It is an inevitable choice for Americans to reform education, especially general education, to meet the challenges from all sides.
To this end, the United States promulgated the 1958 National Defense Education Act. The central content of the bill is that the federal government will increase education funds, strengthen science and technology education, and train talents to meet the "satellite challenge." As a result, the prelude of large-scale educational reform in the United States after the war was opened.