Game theory (English: game theory), also translated as game theory, is a branch of economics, which mainly studies the interaction between formulaic incentive structures (games or games). It is a mathematical theory and method to study phenomena with the nature of struggle or competition. It is also an important topic in operational research.

Game theory considers the individual's predictive behavior and actual behavior in the game, and studies their optimization strategies. On the surface, different interactions may show similar incentive structures, so they are special cases of the same game.

Extended data case:

The police arrested two suspects, A and B, but there was not enough evidence to charge them with guilt. So the police detained the suspects separately and met them separately, and offered the following options to both parties:

1. If a person pleads guilty and testifies against the other party (called "betrayal" in related terms), but the other party keeps silent, the person will be released immediately, and the silent person will be sentenced to 10 years in prison.

2. If both of them keep silent (related terms refer to mutual "cooperation"), they will also be sentenced to half a year's imprisonment.

If both of them report each other ("betray each other"), they will also be sentenced to five years' imprisonment.

In order to shorten the individual sentence to the shortest, which strategy should the prisoner choose? Two prisoners were held in isolation and did not know each other's choice; And even if you can talk, you may not be able to believe that the other person will not talk back.

As far as personal rational choice is concerned, the sentence for reporting betrayal is always lower than silence. Try to imagine how two rational prisoners will make a choice in a dilemma;

1. If the other party is silent and I betray, I will be released, so I will choose to betray.

If the other party accuses me of betrayal, I will also accuse the other party of getting a lighter sentence, so I will also choose betrayal.

Two people face the same situation, so their rational thinking will come to the same conclusion-choose betrayal. Betrayal is the dominant strategy of the two strategies.

Therefore, the only possible Nash equilibrium in this game is that both participants betray each other, and as a result, both of them serve the same five-year sentence.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Game Theory