abstract
Carelessness is a common phenomenon in people's life and study. It exists not only in children, but also in adults. Only carelessness is more obvious and prominent in children.
Keywords: careless correction of computational study habits
Calculation is the main content of primary school mathematics. Correct calculation is the basic requirement for learning mathematics well. You may not know, because the four operations in primary school are not enough, it will not only affect the current academic performance, but also affect the future study, work and life. Some people may not believe it. It is precisely because the addition and subtraction within 20 are unskilled that some candidates lose their focus and thus lose the opportunity to enter the university. From this perspective, it is not a simple question to be right. A large number of materials show that with the growth of grade, the correct rate of mathematical calculation is gradually decreasing. Why is this? Tracing back to the source, the key is that the foundation of primary schools has not been laid firmly. This problem is very serious. Some people say that the reason that affects the accuracy of calculation is carelessness, not inability to do it. We can't help asking: Why are some people careless and others careful? We believe that in the final analysis, it is still a question of thinking and intelligence. Careless people are often not rigorous, comprehensive and profound, and their observation, memory and understanding are poor. If you want to be a smart child, you must see your own shortcomings in your mind.
Every time after we finish the exam, I can always hear some classmates say that if I were more careful, I would definitely do better than you, and I often see such a situation. Parents often call the teacher, or a question that parents often ask after meeting is: What if the child is not careful? Whenever we open the children's exercise books or test papers, we find that the mistakes are mostly the simplest and most basic topics, such as: confusing symbols and treating "+"as "-"; Confuse numbers, such as "5" as "3", or write numbers backwards and write 69 as 96; Forgot to write the answer, copied the wrong question, counted the wrong number, and even missed the question. Therefore, some parents seriously correct their children, and some angrily reprimand their children. Teachers often emphasize that they must be serious in doing problems, but the children are still the same, and there is no progress, which makes many parents and teachers break their brains. In my teaching in recent years, I summed up the following "faults" of students' carelessness in mathematical calculation:
First, lack of concentration.
Carelessness is closely related to attention. Children with poor attention, when visual perception transmits the received information to the brain for analysis, the information will be disturbed, and it is easy to make mistakes, omissions or losses, resulting in carelessness. Physiologically, the cause of inattention can be traced back to the early education of 0-6 years old. Research shows that most children who haven't completely crawled before walking will be inattentive, have poor physical coordination, can't effectively control their movements, can't get useful information from the outside world, and a lot of sensory information can't be transmitted to their brains, thus turning a blind eye and listening without hearing. Why do some children write 69 as 96? Why do some children always add up to ten digits and single digits, and they are not arranged properly? Why do some children get the answer right, but they copy it wrong when they copy it? This is all related to the child's visual perception ability. Every child's visual perception ability is different. If a child's visual perception ability is not up to the same age level, it is easy to be careless.
Second, the knowledge points are not well mastered, which leads to unclear cognition.
The basic knowledge of mathematics has not been learned well, and the basic computing ability has not been formed; For example, some children don't pay enough attention to learning new knowledge and don't know the key points and difficulties. Watermelon and sesame seeds are confused, eyebrows and beards are grabbed, knowledge points are disordered, and the understanding of methods is half-baked. They can't connect one knowledge point with another into a complete knowledge structure. I can understand the words, but I can't understand the details. If you don't consolidate your review in time after class, the scattered knowledge you have learned will soon be forgotten. Therefore, there are bound to be mistakes and loopholes in the homework exam. In addition, in mathematics learning, some children can't clearly and accurately grasp the laws of mathematical concepts because of their poor perception of things and strong abstraction and logic of mathematics. If the attitude towards these mistakes and loopholes is insensitive, laissez-faire and perfunctory, then there will be more and more mistakes and loopholes. This state of knowledge will hinder the study of new knowledge in the future, and the result can be imagined.
Third, there is a lack of serious and responsible learning attitude and good study habits.
Pay attention to quantity rather than quality when doing homework. Usually doing homework is sloppy, and the amount of homework is not large. However, I always read watching TV, playing computer or playing with children, and I just deal with it in a hurry. Every time I finish my homework and wait for the adults to check it, I make more than half of my mistakes. Some children always turn on the TV first, then do their homework while watching, or do exercises while shaking their heads while singing. Over time, I got into the bad habit of doing two things at the same time, so the probability of making mistakes in my homework will be much greater, and the efficiency is not high, and I can't finish my homework for half a day. Some students don't pay attention to their lessons. For example, when her parents asked her to do 1 hour homework, she kept staring at the clock. If the cartoon is about to start, it will be even more absent-minded to ask her to "play for another 20 minutes". She is just wasting her time. There will be no one at once, which is inefficient. When other students do their homework or exams, they think they have finished the problem. Just look around or do something small. If you don't check carefully, you will often make mistakes of one kind or another.
How to correct children's carelessness? Simple repetitive exercises will inevitably arouse students' weariness of learning. Developing good work habits and moving to study at the same time can effectively reduce all kinds of carelessness mentioned above.
To overcome children's carelessness in learning, we must first cultivate children's good study habits:
1, copy the questions correctly, check first and then calculate. In other words, when copying the questions, you should first check with the original questions, and then calculate them. The purpose is to prevent copying wrong numbers or wrong questions.
2. Carefully examine the questions and think carefully. In other words, you should look at the questions carefully and think carefully: look at the content and requirements of the questions and the characteristics of the numbers; Think about the problems that should be paid attention to when calculating, and whether they can be simplified. Elementary arithmetic, in particular, should be examined at different levels.
3. The handwriting is clear and neat. In other words, write clearly, even on draft paper, and write neatly. In particular, decimal points, carry points and abdication points should be clearly written and eye-catching. Formulas should be arranged neatly and conform to the specifications. The purpose is to prevent mistakes caused by graffiti.
4. Check carefully and stick to the calculation. In other words, after you finish the problem, you should check it carefully to see if the result is reasonable, and then check it again. Checking calculation must not be posturing and going through the motions. This is a key step to avoid mistakes.
5. Prepare a set of wrong questions, let the children copy down the wrong questions every time, draw the wrong places in red, and then do it again in the right way, analyze the reasons for the mistakes and summarize them. Summarize the lessons to be learned, find out the ways to prevent mistakes, and never allow uncorrected mistakes. If you persist in this way, you will definitely get rid of your carelessness.
Secondly, strengthen children's sense of responsibility. In daily life, parents should use their care to infect their children, such as keeping the house in order, suggesting that children learn to tidy up their own things, tidy up their own rooms, and cultivate their sense of responsibility for their own affairs. Through the cultivation of life and games, children will form a sense of "serious completion", and then their studies will gradually improve. It is conceivable that if Mao Mao is manic in life and games, it will be even more difficult to ask his children to finish their studies seriously. According to the life and games mentioned above, children pay more attention to the games and things in life, and parents create a relaxed and happy environment, so that children can feel "serious strength", "happiness from beginning to end" and experience "perfect beauty", then he will naturally correct the problem. Sometimes, the more we emphasize his shortcomings, we will often form a hint, which tells him: I have this shortcoming, but it is difficult to change it. So, how can children have the confidence to get rid of their own problems? . Responsibility is the premise of doing a good job. It can be said that if there is no sense of responsibility, everything will be perfunctory, and it will be done badly. With a sense of responsibility, you will be cautious, meticulous and serious, and dare not slack off. In order to cultivate children's sense of responsibility, parents should not only preach, but also practice, demonstrate in person, be strict with themselves, and do what children ask. Think about it, a lazy parent will cultivate a rigorous, meticulous and responsible child. Specifically, you can arrange some work for your child at home, let him be responsible for sweeping the floor, washing dishes or washing socks, and encourage or reward him when he does well. If he doesn't do well, his parents want him to do it again until he does well. In short, let him take responsibility. Long-term persistence and perseverance will greatly enhance children's sense of responsibility.
We should also cultivate the good habit of concentration. Before doing exercises and homework at ordinary times, remind yourself to concentrate and be careful, and then read the topic carefully for several times to make sure that you understand it correctly and have the confidence to do it. Once you do it, you must be accurate and precise, and you can't just pursue speed. In fact, some wrong questions are often not because you can't do it or are careless, but because you haven't chewed thoroughly, and a stereotype of wrong understanding of the topic has been formed in your mind. Usually, children do their homework at home. If parents change "play after 20 minutes" to "play after 5 more questions". Students will do five questions with good quality and quantity. Now we have found the key to correct children's carelessness in homework: changing time into quantity. In this way, the child's strength comes, from "must endure for 20 minutes" to "finish the exercise quickly" in a positive state. This positive state can help children concentrate and overcome carelessness unconsciously. After we make a request, we will cooperate with the inspection (let the children check the problems themselves), especially when the children make progress, we should affirm and encourage them in time (instead of criticizing them in time when they make mistakes), and let the children look at the clock to see how much time they will save when they make it at once. Moreover, after the child makes progress, give the child a free time to play, and the child will feel the happiness of a new habit. In this way, it is easy for children to stick to it. There is also the change of the prescribed learning time to the prescribed learning effect. I don't care how long it will take you, as long as you can finish the learning task I asked (be realistic, don't add or subtract at will), you can watch TV or play, otherwise nothing will happen. Doing so can not only overcome the bad habit of carelessness in children's study, but also improve children's learning efficiency and develop good habits of efficient learning and autonomous learning. But also has a great positive impact on his future style of doing things.
In addition, we should take our children to participate in some games, proper sports or play. When doing activities, sports or playing, we also require children to concentrate, fully release their nature, and achieve a combination of work and rest. At the same time, let the children understand that concentration is the prerequisite for doing anything well.
In fact, solving "carelessness" is like walking on ice. Be careful, because you have fallen on the ice, so you will remember it, unless you have fallen on the ice, you have no impression! As long as you face "carelessness" with your heart, "carelessness" will soon disappear from your field of vision, although this
It can't completely guarantee that there are no low-level mistakes, but it can well reduce the error rate caused by carelessness and naturally improve the quality of problem solving and learning efficiency.
Of course, the main way to solve "carelessness" is to check. According to the research of scientists, it usually takes 20 days to form a habit. After reading this sentence, I think everyone must have confidence and determination to eradicate children's bad habits and establish good habits!