General present tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative subject +be (am, is, are)+ others.

Subject of negative sentence +be not+others

Question Be+ subject+others

Or: affirmative sentence subject+verb prototype+others (add "s" to the third person singular as the subject verb)

Negative sentence subject +don t+ verb prototype+others (the third person singular subject don t is changed to nots)

Question DO+ subject+verb prototype+others (the third person singular of subject DO is changed to doess)

Keywords: sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, Sunday.

Afternoon, morning 10, five days a week, three times a month and so on.

Note: In the time Zhuang clause and conditional Zhuang clause, the general present tense is often used to express the future tense. At this point, the present tense is generally used for subordinate sentences and the future tense is used for main sentences.

Present continuous tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative subject +be+ verb present participle+others

Negative subject +be not+ verb present participle+others

Question Be+ subject+verb present participle+others

Keywords: now, right away, at the moment, what time is it now, etc. Or watch, listen, keep quiet, etc.

Simple future tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative subject+will+verb prototype+others

Subject of negative sentence+bu hui+prototype of verb+others

Questioning will+subject+verb prototype+others

Will can be changed to will, and will can be used when the subject is the first person.

Keywords: tomorrow, tomorrow, tomorrow at seven o'clock, next year,

Ten o' clock next Sunday, this year, at the end of this $ TERM, from now on, in 2008, soon, in a few days, in the future, and so on.

Simple past tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative subject +be(was, were)+ others.

Subject of negative sentence +be not+ others

Question Be+ subject+others

Or: affirmative subject+verb past tense+others

Negative Subject+Nothing+Verb Prototype+Other

Question Did+ subject+verb prototype+others

Keywords: yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, last year, at the end of $ TERM last year,

Some time ago, such as ten years ago, five hours ago, 2004 1 6, in.

1980 and so on.

Right now, in the past, a long time ago, a moment ago, and so on.

Past continuous tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative subject +was/were+ verb present participle+others

Subject of negative sentence +was/not+ present participle of verb +others

The interrogative sentence is /Were+ subject+present participle of verb+others.

Keywords: specific time+past time Zhuang language such as: yesterday at 10 am, at

This time last Sunday, and so on.

The present perfect tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative sentence subject +have/has+ verb past participle +others (the third person singular uses has)

Negative sentence subject +have/has not+ verb past participle +others

Question Have/Has+ subject+past participle of verb+others

Keywords: it has, however, just now, once, never, so far, it has been+for a while, since+in the past.

Time or past tense clauses. Or this year alone "from this year", these five years ".

Since ",in the past ten years" in the past ten years "and so on.

Past future tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative sentence subject +would+ verb prototype+others

Negative sentence subject +would+ verb prototype+others

Interrogative sentence will+subject+verb prototype+others.

(would can be changed to was/were going to, and would can be used when the subject is the first person)

The past future tense is mainly used in object clauses.

Past perfect tense:

Sentence structure: affirmative subject +had+ verb past participle+others

Subject of negative sentence +have not+ past participle of verb +others

Interrogative questions have+subject+verb past participle+others.

Keywords: by+ a certain point in the past, such as by last year, by+ a certain point in the past, such as:

By the end of last year, before a certain point in the past, the time+ clause, or the object was at the end of the sentence, please remember:

It's not the end of the world. Try to look on the bright side.

Things, I believe it will be all right.

It's not the end of the world. Try to look on the bright side. I believe everything will be fine.

English verbs have two voices: active voice and passive voice. There are five tenses in the passive voice of junior high school, which can be summarized from the following aspects:

First, the tense and structure of the passive voice (taking the verb do as an example)

Structure: subject +be+ past participle

Tense: 1. General present tense: am (is, are) done.

2. Passive voice with modal verbs: Must (can, can, should, need, will) do it.

3. simple past tense: was (were) done

* 4. General future tense: will (will) be completed.

* 5. Present continuous tense: am (is, are) is doing it.

The present perfect tense: It has been done.

Second, talk about the problems that should be paid attention to when changing the passive voice from the five basic sentence patterns learned in junior high school.

1. Subject+connecting verb+predicative (S+V+P)

The passive voice does not apply to this structure.

These flowers smell delicious.

These flowers smell delicious.

2. Subject+intransitive verb (S+V)

This structure is invariant in the passive voice.

There was an accident last night.

There was an accident last night.

3. Subject+Transitive Verb+Object (S+V+ O)

(1) Change the object of the active voice into the subject of the passive voice.

Children often sing this song.

This song is often sung by children.

(2) When a verb phrase containing a preposition or adverb becomes a passive structure, the preposition or adverb cannot be removed.

We should listen to the teacher carefully.

You should listen to the teacher carefully.

4. Subject+transitive verb+indirect object+direct object (S+V+ IO+ DO)

(1). Change the indirect object to the subject, and the direct object remains the same.

He showed us a photo.

We saw a picture.

(2) Change the direct object of the referred object into the subject, and add the preposition to or for before the indirect object.

Commonly used verbs include giving, showing, transmitting and reading.

Commonly used verbs are for buy, get, make, sing, draw and so on.

Showed us a picture.

My parents bought me a dictionary.

5. Subject+transitive verb+object+object complement (S+ V+ O+C)

If the verbs are make, see, hear, watch, etc. The object complement is an infinitive without "to", and "to" is added when the passive voice is changed.

I saw him fall from the tree.

He was seen to fall from the tree.

6. "be+past participle" is not always the passive voice, but the past participle after the copula verbs be, feel, seem, look, etc. Has been transformed into adjectives, used as predicative, indicating a certain state.

I am interested in mathematics. I am interested in mathematics.

*7. Some verbs use active voice to express passive meaning. This kind of women's dress sells well. Women's clothes sell quickly. This book sells best. This book sells well.

Download the encyclopedia of English grammar

1, possessive: He is Fred's best friend. (-s)

2. The third person singular of the verb present tense: Alfredo's works. (-s)

3. Verb past tense: Fred worked. (-ed), but there are also irregular changes.

4. Present participle/continuous tense: Fred is working. (-ing) ([Note] If the last syllable of a verb is a closed syllable at the end of a consonant, the last consonant must be connected, such as running).

5. Past participle: The car was stolen. (-en)； Fred has talked to the police. (-ed), but there are also irregular changes.

6. Gerund: Work is good for the soul. (-ing)

7. Noun plural: Fred has two blue eyes. (-s) ([Note] If the suffix of a verb is s, sh, x, ch, you need to add -es, such as disks).

8. Adjective comparison: Fred Birica is clever. (-er) Add -er at the end of adjectives and more before polysyllables, such as "more difficult".

9. superlative adjective: Fred has the fastest car. Add -est at the end of (-est) adjectives and most before polysyllabic words, such as "the most difficult".

The basic word order of English is SVO, and it is basically impossible to change the word order at will, except in a few poems; On the other hand, sometimes English uses the word order of OSV. (note: s: subject [subject]; V: verb phrase [predicate]; O: object [object])

All the words in English can be divided into ten categories, and each category has its specific position and function in the sentence. The top ten parts of speech are:

1. Noun words: words that indicate the names of people or things.

Second, adjectives: words that express the characteristics of people or things.

Third, auxiliary words: words that modify verbs, adjectives and adverbs.

Substitution: words that replace nouns, adjectives and numerals.

Numerals: words indicating quantity and order.

Intransitive verb: a word that expresses action and state.

7. Crown word: used with nouns to explain the function of people or things.

8. Interlanguage: usually placed before nouns and pronouns, indicating the relationship between nouns and pronouns and other words.

Conjunctions: conjunctions and words, phrases and phrases, sentences and sentences.

Interjection: a word that expresses the speaker's feelings or tone.

Tenses in English

English * * * has sixteen tenses and four individuals. (Note: Four people are-average, progress, completion and completion. )

Four individuals in English are equivalent to the expressions in French, Spanish and all Romance languages of Indo-European family, such as direct expression and imperative expression.

(1) Simple present tense

Basic form (take do as an example):

Third person singular: does (subject is not third person singular);

Affirmative sentence: subject+verb prototype+others;

Negative sentence: subject+don't+verb prototype+others;

General interrogative sentence: do+ subject+verb prototype+others.

Affirmative answer: yes,+subject ++do. ..

Negative answer: no,+subject++don't.

Special interrogative sentences: the word order of interrogative words+general interrogative sentences

(2) General past tense

Past tense of be verb+action verb

was/were+not； Add not before the action verb and restore the action verb at the same time.

Be placed at the beginning of the sentence; Ask questions with the past tense did of the auxiliary verb do and restore the action verb at the same time.

(3) General future tense

Am/are/is+ plan+do.

Will/will+do.

Now/being/going to+do it

am/is/is to+do

Expression of simple future tense

Be go to+ verb prototype

Be+ infinitive, be to+ verb prototype, that is, to+ verb prototype

Neng+infinitive

Will soon+verb prototype

(4) Past tense and future tense

Be(was, were)to+ verb prototype

Be(was, were)about to+ verb prototype

Be(was, were)to+ verb prototype

Affirmative sentence: subject +be(was, were) qu+verb prototype ~.

Negative sentence: subject +be(was, were) buqu+verb prototype ~.

Question: Be(Was, Were)+ subject+will+verb prototype ~?

Affirmative sentence: subject +would(should)+ verb prototype ~

Negative sentence: subject +would(should)not+ verb prototype ~

Question: Would(Should)+ subject+verb prototype ~?

(5) Present continuous tense

Subject +be+ verb ing〔 [present participle] form

The first person +am+ do+sth.

The second person's name is +are+doing +sth.

The third person+is+doing+something.

(6) Past continuous tense

Affirmative sentence: subject +was/were+do+others

Negative sentence: subject +was/were+not+do+others

General question and answer: Was/Were+ subject+doing+other answers: yes, I am. /No, I didn't.

Special interrogative sentences: special interrogative words +was/were+ subject+doing+others.

(7) Future continuous tense

Future tense+present participle of verb be

(8) Past continuous tense and future continuous tense

Should(would)+be+ present participle

(9) The present perfect tense

Basic structure: subject +have/has+ past participle (done)

① affirmative sentence: subject +have/ you+past participle+others

② Negative sentence: subject +have/ you +not+ past participle+others.

③ General interrogative sentences: you/you+subject+past participle+others.

④ Special interrogative sentences: special interrogative words+general interrogative sentences (you/you+subject+past participle+others)

(10) past perfect tense

Basic structure: subject +had+ past participle (done)

① affirmative sentence: subject +had+ past participle+others

② Negative sentence: subject +had+not+ past participle +others.

③ General interrogative sentences: Had+ subject+past participle+others.

Affirmative answer: yes, subject +had

Negative answer: no, subject+no.

④ Special interrogative sentences: special interrogative words+general interrogative sentences (had+ subject+past participle+others)

Grammatical judgment:

(1) to+past time point. For example:

I had finished reading this novel before nine o'clock last night.

(2) Up to+past time point. For example:

By the end of last term, we had learned more than two thousand English words.

(3) Before+past time point. For example:

They had planted 600 trees before last Wednesday.

(1 1) Future perfect tense

(shall)will+have+ verb past participle

Before+future time or before+future time

Present tense clause guided by before or by the time

(12) past and future perfect tense

Should/should have done something.

present perfect progressive tense

Have/ has always been a +-ing participle.

Past perfect continuous tense

It has always been a +-ing participle.

(15) Future perfect continuous tense

Subject+should/will be doing all the time.

(16) Past and future perfect continuous tense

Should+has been+ present participle is used in the first person.

The present participle is used in other people.