Good methods can enable students to give full play to their talents. Teachers should pay attention to the practicality of methods in lectures, so that students can understand and master what they have learned effectively as soon as possible. For example, analogy is a common method in physics teaching, which can help students understand some difficult concepts, laws and methods. Many students often can't correctly understand the physical quantities (such as density and resistance) defined by the ratio, because they only pay attention to the mathematical form and ignore the physical meaning. What shall we do? I think most students are well aware that the "speed" of uniform linear motion in physics is defined by ratio. Let's take this as an example to deepen their understanding.

Physics has strong regularity and logic. Some formulas and rules are easily confused by students, which leads to mistakes in memory. For example, many students in electromagnetics can't distinguish the laws of left and right hands and can't remember them clearly, so I came up with a homophonic word method. For example, in the name of a river "You River", you can use "You" to connect to the right, and "Fa" to connect to "Power Generation" means right-handed power generation, so that you can distinguish left and right hands interestingly and students will remember it.

Second, grasp the key and the essence.

Many students often get twice the result with half the effort. The main reason is that the understanding of the important and difficult points fails to grasp the key and essence. In electromagnetism, the conditions for inducing current are: closed loop and conductor cutting magnetic induction line. However, in practice, students often only pay attention to the conductor cutting movement and ignore the closed loop, and some only pay attention to the movement and ignore the "cutting". So ask the students. To understand concepts, we should grasp key words, laws and theorems, conditions and conclusions. These are the breakthroughs to overcome the difficulties.

Third, the understanding should be comprehensive and the analysis should be detailed.

For students, poor induction and summary ability, incomplete understanding of knowledge points and poor analytical ability are another important factor affecting their learning, which requires teachers to pay attention to cultivating students' ability in this respect. For example, the problem of "friction" is very simple, but it is also rich in content: 1, objects must have pressure to contact each other; 2, the contact surface is rough; 3. Two objects in contact with each other will move or have moved. There are ways to increase or decrease friction, and so on. These questions about friction can only be mastered skillfully through practice and summary. The understanding of important and difficult points cannot be limited to books. We should thoroughly understand the books, spread out the words in the books, concretize the abstract things with practice, deepen our understanding in the process of practice, and sublimate through summary and induction in concrete practice, so as to achieve a comprehensive understanding and detailed analysis of important and difficult knowledge points. Fourth, the topic should be targeted.

Practice is the main method to enhance the understanding and mastery of knowledge points. The key to doing exercises is to pay attention to the pertinence of the topic, otherwise it will not only improve the learning efficiency, but also affect the understanding and deepening of knowledge.

It is very important to choose a topic. We feel that we need to find exercises and compile exercises with questions. As long as you get a little harvest and inspiration from each exercise, it is a kind of promotion and encouragement for beginners, which has a good effect on cultivating interest and laying a good foundation. Sometimes a few exercises can fully reflect a knowledge point, so we should be good at discovering, analyzing and summarizing, so as to have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the knowledge point. If students don't understand a certain aspect correctly, we will find such exercises to practice. If they don't have a comprehensive understanding, we will find exercises to practice from all aspects. Don't be too complicated and comprehensive, otherwise it will affect the understanding of basic knowledge. Targeted practice is a special weapon, which can help us overcome every difficulty effectively.

In short, teachers should combine students' cognitive characteristics, adopt a variety of scientific methods, vivid metaphors, explain and analyze with real life, inspire understanding exercises, and break through the difficulties in physics teaching. I think this can not only get the effect of breaking through difficulties, but also improve students' interest in learning physics.