I. Summary Introduction \ x0d \ x0d \ Summary is to think rationally about what has been done. What it wants to review is what it did in the past, how it was done and how it was done. Summary and planning complement each other and should be based on planning, which is always based on summing up experience. There is a rule in this, that is, plan-practice-summary-re-plan-practice-summary. \x0d\\x0d\ 1。 Summary has the following characteristics: \ x0d \ x0d \ 1. Work summary requires people to calmly reflect on their previous work. Through reflection, we can improve our understanding, gain experience and lay an ideological foundation for further work. \ x0d \ x0d \ 2。 Emphasize science. Summing up experience can't be practical, but "follow your feelings". Instead, we should discuss things realistically, make dialectical analysis, and strive to draw scientific conclusions, thus promoting the change of work. \x0d\\x0d\3。 The expression is a combination of narration and discussion, with comments and comments. In addition to narration and explanation, work summary should also be discussed. Through the introduction and analysis of typical materials, the author's point of view is clarified, so as to sort out and theorize the experience and lessons and avoid the bias between empty materials and piled materials. \ x0d \ x0d \ II。 Work summary type: \ x0d \ x0d \ 1. According to the summary time, there are annual summary, semi-annual summary and quarterly summary. When carrying out an important task, we should also summarize it in stages, or call it stage summary. \ x0d \ x0d \ 2。 According to the scope of summary, there are unit summary, individual summary, comprehensive summary and special summary. \ x0d \ x0d \ 3。 According to the nature of summary, there are work summary, production summary, teaching summary and scientific research summary. \x0d\\x0d\ 2。 Summarize the preparation before writing \ x0d \ x0d \ Someone once said: If you want to summarize well, you must summarize well; To sum up well, we must do it well and have a correct position and viewpoint. This should be a summary of experience. A good summary is written on the basis of a good summary and is also made by the people in practice. In real life, some units don't do very well, but "wearing perfume" at the conclusion has lost practical significance to the work and should not be advocated. There are also some units that have achieved results, but they cannot form typical experience. This situation shows that the summary work has not been done well. Both of these situations should be avoided. Doing a good summary is an important work of enterprise management and an important means to enhance the cohesion of cadres and workers, which needs to be taken seriously. \x0d\\x0d\ How should I sum it up? Generally speaking, we should mobilize the masses and make a summary from the bottom up. When the masses do their work, they should also summarize it. Don't put aside the masses' gathering achievements and rack your brains to express your opinions. In the process of summing up, we should quantify the energy, combine qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, proceed from objective facts, prevent emotional feelings and make the summary a mere formality. \x0d\\x0d\ In addition, the following points should be noted: \ x0d \ x0d \ 1. Pay attention to investigation and study, be familiar with the situation \ x0d \ x0d \ The object of summary is the work done or a task completed in the past. When summing up, we should try our best to grasp the overall situation and understand the overall situation through investigation and research. \ x0d \ x0d \ 2。 Love one's job, be familiar with the business \ x0d \ x0d \ love one's job, and have a strong sense of dedication, which is the premise of doing a good job and the basis of summing up. Writing a summary involves your own affairs. If you are not familiar with the business, you will inevitably be unable to say what you mean. \ x0d \ x0d \ 3。 Adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts \ x0d \ x0d \ Summary is an evaluation of previous work, and we should adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts, just as Comrade Chen Yun said, "Achievements are achievements, and mistakes are mistakes; Write big mistakes for big mistakes, and write small mistakes for small mistakes. " Only in this way can we benefit the present and the future. Exaggerating achievements and reporting good news without reporting worries is contrary to the purpose of summing up and should be abandoned. \x0d\\x0d\4。 The key is to learn from experience and find the law. \ x0d \ x0d \ The ultimate goal of summing up is to gain experience, learn lessons and find out the law of doing a good job. Therefore, the summary can not stay on the understanding of superficial phenomena and the listing of objective cases, but must sum up regular conclusions from practice. \ x0d \ x0d \ III。 Writing method of summary \ x0d \ x0d \ 1. Structure and content of work summary \ x0d \ x0d \ Year-end summary (including comprehensive summary) or special summary, and its title is generally written in two ways, one is the name of the issuing unit+time+language, such as Tongren area. The other is in the form of news headlines, such as the special summary of the credit rating management of cigarette retail enterprises by Daxing visiting and delivering department in Songtao County: "Customers compete for grades, and sales are stable with integrity". \ x0d \ x0d \ The text is generally divided into the following three parts: \ x0d \1,situation review \ x0d \ x0d \ This is the beginning part of the summary, called preface or introduction, which is used to explain the reasons for the summary, or to limit the content, scope and purpose of the summary. This part of the text should not be too long, only for a general description, not for analysis and comment. \x0d\\x0d\2。 Experience \ x0d \ x0d \ This part is the main body of summary, and it is divided into several parts after the first part summarizes the situation. Some use subheadings to clarify achievements and problems, practices and experiences, or achievements and shortcomings respectively. If not, people can't get to the point. A summary of a theme can also extract several experiences to make it eye-catching and clear. \x0d\\x0d\ Pay attention to the relationship between the parts when using this method. Each part has both relative independence and close internal relations, which makes them form a joint force and explains the basic experience. \x0d\\x0d\3。 Future plans \ x0d \ x0d \ This is the conclusion. The last part summarizes the experience and lessons, and puts forward future plans and plans according to the achievements and the requirements of the new situation and new tasks, which will become the basis for making plans for the new year. The content includes how to carry forward the achievements, overcome the existing problems and make clear the direction of future efforts. We can also look to the future and achieve new goals. \ x0d \ x0d \ II。 Requirements for written expression of work summary \ x0d \ x0d \ 1. Being good at grasping the key points \ x0d \ x0d \ summary involves all aspects of the work of the unit, but we must grasp the key points and cover all aspects regardless of priority. What's the point? Refers to the main experience gained in the work, or the main problems found, or the objective laws explored. Don't scatter pen and ink, take everything. At present, some summaries are getting longer and longer. Of course, some writers are afraid of omission, but some leading comrades are afraid that they will not get any results without writing a few strokes, resulting in a complicated summary and no focus. \x0d\\x0d\2。 Write a characteristic \ x0d \ x0d \ characteristic is the attribute that distinguishes other things. Different units have different grades. This year's summary of the same unit should be different from previous years. Now some summaries always feel the same after reading them. Some units have a consistent summary system for several years, and the content is similar, but some figures have been changed. Such a summary lacks practical value. Comrade Chen Yun emphasized in the 1950s that summing up experience is an important way to improve oneself. Any unit or individual has its own set of methods different from others when carrying out work, and its experience is also different. When writing a summary, we should carefully analyze and compare the materials and find the key points on the basis of full possession, and don't stay in general terms. \x0d\\x0d\3。 Pay attention to the unity of ideas and materials. \ x0d \ x0d \ The experience summarized is extracted from practical work, that is, from a large number of factual materials. Once the experience is formed, it is necessary to choose the necessary materials to explain it, so that the experience is "established" and has practical value. This is the unity of ideas and materials. However, some common experience summaries often fail to pay attention to this. As Comrade Mao Zedong criticized, "it is not good to separate materials from viewpoints, and there is no viewpoint when talking about materials, and there is no connection between materials and viewpoints". \x0d\\x0d\4。 Language should be accurate and concise. \x0d\\x0d\ summed up the words must be accurate, conclusive use cases, unambiguous judgment. Conciseness means that when expounding opinions, it is required to combine generalization with concreteness, not to be complicated, not to be general and cumbersome, and to be concise and clear.